The Influence Of Energy Price Difference On China's Export Trade From The Perspective Of Comparative Advantage

As an important factor of production,energy price fluctuation is related to the cost of production and the cost of international transportation.However,China's energy price has remained at a distance from the world level for a long time,resulting in the difference between the price of domestic and foreign energy.The asymmetric energy price will affect the relative production cost of the enterprise.With relatively low energy factors,it will significantly reduce the production cost and trade cost of the export products of the enterprise.It is easier to gain the competitive advantage in the foreign market,thus promoting the export trade of the enterprise.But in recent years,China has gradually promoted the reform of the pricing system of energy price,so as to achieve the marketization of energy prices and integrate with the international market in the future.Meanwhile,the instability of external economic environment,coupled with the uncertainty of oil supply,leads to frequent fluctuations in overall energy prices.Therefore,including the internal and external factors at home and abroad,the differences in energy prices are not invariable.It has a significant characteristic of time fluctuation,which has brought great risk and uncertainty to the development of China's export trade.Therefore,in order to promote the sustainable and stable development of China's export trade,this paper,starting from the theory of comparative advantage,deeply studies the impact of the difference of energy price on export trade,and puts forward the pertinent policy suggestions for the next step of the market reform of the energy price system and the development of export trade.First of all,based on the expansion of comparative advantage theory,it makes a theoretical discussion on the impact of energy price difference on export trade,and lays a theoretical foundation for the next empirical analysis.Secondly,through the construction of three energy price index(unchangeable weight energy price index,variable weight energy price index and phase weight energy price index),this paper analyzes the basic situation of energy price at home and abroad.Secondly,in the typical fact analysis,we can conclude that the process of China's energy price change is progressively progressive.In 2001 and 2008,as a demarcation point,the pace of reform before 2001 is slow,and the process of the last stage is quicker after 2008.On this basis,the international panel double fixed PPML model is applied for empirical analysis.The results show that the impact of the comparative advantage of the energy price difference on China's export trade is related to the level of the international energy price.Only the international energy price is at a high level will the difference of energy price promote the development of China's export trade through comparative advantages,especially the export of energy intensive goods.The promotion of energy efficiency will increase the impact of the energy price difference on comparative advantage,thus further amplifying the export trade promotion effect caused by the energy price difference;with the continuous evolution of the energy price reform,the impact of the energy price difference on export trade is reduced.If the energy consumption mode can not be optimized and transformed as soon as possible,the reduction of energy price difference will have a negative impact on export trade.Finally,according to the theoretical and empirical analysis of this paper,this paper holds that the marketization pricing of domestic energy prices must be realized as soon as possible,and it will be in line with international standards,which will promote the steady development of China's export trade.And the energy market price reduction mechanism must be established to mitigate the short-term impact of the energy price difference to the export.The impact of energy market reform on export trade should strengthen the R&D investment of energy utilization technology and improve the efficiency of energy utilization.It can not only enlarge the export promotion effect on the difference of energy price when the energy price is high,but also counteract the negative shadow of the decline of comparative advantages brought by the decline of some energy price differences.We should optimize and adjust the export commodity structure of our country and control the export ratio of energy intensive products,so as to alleviate the impact of the international energy price fluctuation and the market reform of the domestic energy price system on our export.The possible innovation points of this paper are that,from the perspective of research,this paper starts from the extended comparative advantage theory model and discusses the influence of the difference of energy price on the export trade of China under the perspective of comparative advantage theory;in terms of research methods,there is no uniform way of choosing energy price index in China.According to the method of Sato(2015),a relatively reasonable energy price index is constructed to analyze the energy price difference between China and different countries.In the research content,this article enriches the studies of domestic energy price difference to China's export trade,and there are few studies in this field in China.Based on the data of export trade of 15 main trading partners in China,this paper analyzes the trade volume and trade structure respectively.