Study On The Risks Of Rural Homestead's Entry Into Market And The Countermeasures

"Homestead" is a special land for residential in rural areas,used for the construction of housing and residential buildings,including housing land,attached land and courtyard,house green,wall,barn and other analogical land,it is a land utilization synthesis contains residential and productive use.The current policy is that the rural homestead is owned collectively.Farmers can apply for homestead free of charge,one household only can own one homestead.With the Reform and opening up more than 30 years,more and more rural residents work in city even settle down.Vacant homestead,one household more than one homestead and other inefficiency and even invalid utilize issues appear and gradually serious.How to rationally and efficiently use the valuable resources of homestead,break through the traditional rural homestead system constraints,establish a unified urban and rural construction land market,become the current rural land reform focus and difficulty.This paper starts from the theoretical basis of the construction of rural homestead entry risk and the historical change of rural homestead system in China,first of all,the paper analyzes the present situation and main problem of the rural residential land transfer market in China.Secondly,based on the theory of risk management,this paper put forward the theoretical model of the risk constitution and its assessment of rural homestead enter into market.Then,according to the reform plan and the reform effect in some main rural homestead pilot areas in China,to summarized the main practices and the existing problems.Finally,based on the goal of establishing a unified urban and rural construction land market,this paper puts forward the preliminary countermeasures and suggestions on the construction of risk prevention and control system in the rural homestead under the comprehensive market background.Based on Risk management theory,there are three elements of risk:risk factors,risk events,losses.In order to effectively identify the connotation of risk,when we analyze the risk of rural homestead enter into market,this paper classify risk into economic risk,social risk,cultural risk.From the root cause of the risk,all the risks in the final analysis are the behavioral risks of different actors.The main interests of the rural homestead enter into market including government,farmers,and rural collective organizations,and the main factors influencing the behavior of different actors are taken as the risk factors.The AHP method is used to construct the risk assessment model of the rural homestead enter into market.This paper argues that in order to effectively control the risk of rural homestead enter into the market,to ensure that minimum of the risk of rural homestead enter into market,we need to establish a corresponding countermeasure for different risk factor classification.And also from the organizational system construction,monitoring system construction,risk assessment technology system construction three aspects to build risk prevention and control countermeasures system.Including the establishment of the corresponding authority from the central to the grassroots level;build a homestead into the market trading platform;the establishment of social security network;the construction of risk early warning system and joint meeting system;promote third-party assessment and evaluation of host and guest evaluation.