The Practice Study Of Middle And Small-sized It Enterprises Requirement Change Management Based On DSM And COCOMO Ⅱ Model

With the rapid development of China's economy,middle and small-sized enterprises are playing a more and more important role as the source of economic development in China's economy.With the advent of the Internet information age,knowledge-intensive middle and small-sized IT enterprises are developing rapidly.The foundation of the development of small and medium IT enterprises is project.So the project run successfully will directly determine whether the small and medium-sized IT enterprises can survive and grow in fast economic development environment.There always have change in the project,and the change will exist in the whole research and development process,especially in the small and medium-sized IT enterprises.Because the small and medium IT enterprises do not have good project management ability,and the customers,technology and resources and many other reasons,there will be a variety of changes in the project.The change mostly means the readjustment of the whole project resources,the increase of the cost and the extension of the project cycle.Because of the small size of the small and medium-sized IT enterprises and the few personnel reserves,the change on any item will result in other ongoing projects be affected by the shortage of human resource.Given limited period of the project,the lack of engineer resource will impact project and product quality that may result in project fail,decrease the customer satisfaction and loose the customers,even block the development of the enterprise itself and affects the survival of the enterprise.Frequently changes will bring a lot of problems and risks to enterprise project management.According to the statistical data,the successful on time delivery rate of small and medium-sized IT enterprises is very low.The analysis of the reasons is that the enterprise project management process is not perfect and the quality of the related work is difficult to guarantee,in which the change of demand is brought.Uncertainty is the leading cause of project failure.How to effectively manage and control the change of the project is the first problem to improve the success rate of the small and medium-sized IT enterprises,and it is also the most important thing to improve the viability of the enterprise.This paper summarizes the characteristics of small and medium-size IT enterprises and the work practice of enterprise operation projects.Summarizes the status of project management and the characteristics of requirement change management in small and medium-sized IT enterprises.Through the summary and analysis of concepts and contents of project management theory,including the concept of project management,the concept of project change and project change management,the purpose of change management and its research content,identify the characteristics of project change management of small and medium-sized IT enterprises.This paper puts forward the concepts of change management,analyzes the reason and effects of requirements change management,and figure out the principles and methods to handle the changes.Through the investigation and analysis,this paper summarizes the common problems in the requirements change management of small and medium-sized IT enterprises,propose a requirement change control method.Based on DSM model and COCOMO Ⅱ model establishes the model of the impact assessment on project time,cost and quality,and the method of the project risk assessment aim to handle to common issue of requirements change management in small and medium-sized IT enterprises.Set up a change management mode that suitable for small and medium-sized enterprises IT and establish the basic process of requirement change control.Basis on U Key project in M company,propose suitable requirement change management model,setup requirement change control procedure and define the way how to implement requirements change management to verify its effectiveness and practicability.Summarize the experience and method of requirements change management in software development project,expected to provide example for similar projects in the future.