Research On Livelihood Capital And Diversities Of Farmers In Ethnic Poverty Mountain Area

Strengthen the endogenous development impetus of the poor population,make sure one is not left behind,improve the living standards of rural households in povertystricken mountain areas is an important part of promoting harmonious economic and social development in poverty areas.How to effectively improve the economic and social development of poverty mountainous areas has always been one of the main issues in the study of humanities and economic geography.Yulong Naxi autonomous county is located in the south of Hengduan mountain in the northwest of Yunnan province,the mountain and semi-mountain areas account for 96.53% of the total land area.It is the unique Naxi autonomous county in the country.It is attached to the national contiguous destitute area at the border of Yunnan Province.The characteristics of mountainous areas are obvious,the poverty situation is serious,and the task of poverty alleviation and development is heavy.Ethnic groups are complex and diverse,and the typical characteristic of “three in one”,which contains nationality,poverty,and mountainousness,has become the restriction that we must solve to improve the living standards of rural households,achieve leaping development,and build a well-off society in an all-round way.This study starts from the comprehensive view of geography and uses Yulong County in the northwest of Yunnan Province as a spatial carrier with mountainous,ethnic,and poverty characteristics,On the basis of combing domestic and foreign research literature,we collected data through field research.The analysis sums up the characteristics of natural human economic and social environment in Yulong County,by referring to the sustainable livelihood analysis framework of farmers,screening and constructing the evaluation systems and methods for farmers' livelihood capital and diversity.From the different aspects of farmer's human capital,natural capital,material capital,financial capital and social capital,using quantitative and qualitative approach to deeply analyze the pros and cons of livelihood capital and livelihood diversity of rural households in Yulong County.Discuss the factors affecting the livelihood capital and livelihood diversity of rural households.The countermeasures and suggestions for raising the livelihood capital of rural households in Yulong County,improving the livelihoods of rural households,and improving the living standards of rural households are proposed,to enrich the research content of poverty alleviation in rural poverty mountainous areas and enhance the endogenous development momentum of farmers,etc.The research contents are divided into eight chapters:The first chapter is introduction.It mainly discusses the background of topic selection,research significance,research area selection,research methods,technology route,and research innovation.The second chapter is the research reviews.Mainly combing domestic and foreign relevant theoretical research about the livelihood of rural households,which laid the foundation for the development of this study.The third chapter mainly analyzes the characteristics of comprehensive development of Yulong County from the aspects of nature,economy,humanities and society,and lays an objective foundation for the follow-up scientific screening and construction of a livelihood evaluation method system for rural households.The fourth chapter mainly combines the actual situation of the study area,draws on the sustainable livelihood analysis framework,and screens and constructs an evaluation index system which measures livelihood capital and livelihood diversity of the farmer households.It also explains the source of the data,the weight determination,and the calculation steps.The fifth chapter mainly evaluates the human capital,natural capital,physical capital,financial capital,social capital and the total livelihood of rural households from the three levels of the county level,township level and village level.Using cluster analysis method and GIS to explore the rules of livelihood spatial differentiation in rural households and analyze the reasons for spatial differentiation.The sixth chapter mainly assesses and evaluates the diversity of livelihoods of rural households and the types of livelihood activities at the county,township and village levels,explores the spatial differentiation of farmer households' livelihood diversity in Yulong County and analyzes the causes of spatial differentiation.The seventh chapter is mainly based on the previous research results and tries to put forward specific countermeasures and suggestions on how to better enhance the livelihood capital of rural households,enrich the types of livelihood activities,and improve the quality of life of rural households.The eight chapter is mainly summarizing the conclusions of the study and stating that there are deficiencies and looking forward to further in-depth research in the future.