Study On The Influence Of Farmers' Livelihood Capital On The Choice Of Livelihood Strategy In Rural Tourism Areas

In recent years,rural tourism has occupied an important position in the major work deployments at the national level.As one of the alternative means of sustainable economic development in rural areas,tourism must have an important impact on the livelihood of farmers and the social and economic development of rural areas.As a micro-management entity of rural economic and social development,farmers are the direct bearers of tourism influence.Under the influence of rural tourism,farmers will adjust their livelihood strategies according to their own capital changes to achieve sustainable livelihood.Taking the Guanshan community in Ningxiang City as an example,this paper draws on the DFID sustainable livelihood analysis framework and introduces tourism factors into the livelihood capital indicator system based on the traditional five major types of livelihood capital in the DFID framework,and constructs a livelihoods capital index system of rural tourism farmers.Meanwhile,this paper uses actual survey data to analyze the differentiation characteristics of different types of farmers' livelihood capital,and quantitatively analyzes the relationship between livelihood capital andlivelihood strategies by the multinormial logistic regression model,revealing the main factors affecting the conversion between different types of farmers.The paper finds that:First,under the background of urban-rural integration and rural tourism development,the types of livelihood activities of farmers in Guanshan community are different,which mainly forms four different types of livelihood activities and family characteristics,namely pure farmer type,work-oriented type,mixed management type,tourism franchise type.Second,the current situation of households' livelihood capital in Guanshan community shows that the total amount of livelihood capital is in a low position,which is far from the ideal pentagon.From the perspective of specific livelihood capital,the local farmers have the highest physical capital value,followed by social capital,human capital,cognitive capital and financial capital,and the natural capital is the lowest.From the perspective of the total livelihood capital index of the four types of farmers,the tourism franchise type>mixed management type>the work-oriented type>pure farmer type.Thirdly,through the analysis of multi-class logistic regression model,the main influencing factors of different types of transformation are identified,it is found that: withpure farmer type as the reference,the main driving force for farmers to choose labor-oriented is human capital and financial capital;the main driving force for farmers to choose mixed management is human capital,financial capital,social capital and cognitive capital;five types of capital other than natural capital have a significant impact on farmers' choice of tourism franchise-based livelihood strategies.Finally,according to the research conclusions,the countermeasures to promote the improvement of farmers' livelihood and the sustainable development of rural tourism areas are put forward from the aspects of rural land circulation,rural tourism market mechanism,endogenous development of farmer's livelihood capital,rural tourism development and business model.