| Due to the endogenous demand of economic transformation,such as economic depression,structural unemployment,environmental pollution and so on,it is urgent to improve the technological level of China's manufacturing industry,drive the transformation and upgrade of manufacturing industry,realizing the shift from labor-intensive to technology-intensive and high value-added in China's manufacturing industry and bringing about the transformation of China's economy from the extensive growth mode to the intensive growth mode.China's high-speed rail industry is a high-tech industry,meanwhile which is also a wide industry involved in the middle and lower reaches of the industry.Technically,when the speed of high-speed rail upgraded to 150 km means that the used technology rise to a new level.Downstream of the industry chain involves R&D,design,equipment manufacturing and engineering contracting,and other high-tech enterprises,and the middle and lower reaches of industry involves a large number of metallurgy,mining,machinery manufacturing,power kinetic energy,information transmission and information control and other traditional capital-intensive enterprises.Therefore,the in-depth analysis of the inter –industry technology spillover effect of high-speed rail,especially for the technology spillover effect on other manufacturing industries in our country,there is very important for the transformation and upgrading of China's manufacturing industry and realizing the transformation of China's manufacturing industry from labor-intensive to high value-added and technology-intensive industries.In the end,it is very important significance to transform the mode of economic growth.Based on this,the article dedicated research.The framework of the thesis is as follows: Firstly,the definition of relevant concepts and theoretical review is carried out.On the one hand,the important concepts involved in this paper are defined.On the other hand,the main theories involved in the article include the theory of technological innovation and diffusion,the theory of inter industry technology spillover mechanism and the method of measuring technology spillover between industries.Secondly,after combing the papers on the formation mechanism of the inter-industry technology spillovers,it is found that Jaffe's(1998)classification of the inter-industry technology spillovers is a more comprehensive summary.In this paper,we will use Jaffe's classification of the formation mechanism of technology spillover in 1998,the technology spillover channels are divided into three categories: knowledge spillover,industry spillover and market spillover.Because constructing technology spillover metrics from the perspective of industry similarity can more fully measure knowledge spillovers,industry spillovers and market spillovers,it is necessary to construct a similarity index.Therefore,the index of similarity between industries is constructed from the perspective of industrial similarity,and the index of similarity between industries is defined as the angle cosine value of the direct consumption coefficient among sectors in input-output table,and the technical similarity matrix of industries is calculated.And in order to more clearly reflect the similarities in technological structures among various industrial sectors in a low-dimensional space,drawing polygons using Multidimensional Scaling(MDS),showing clearly the similarities and differences in the technical structure of various industries.In order to further study the technology spillover effect,we first construct the measure metrics of the inter-industry technology spillover-"Indirect R&D"(IRD).The weight matrix of the IRD is replaced by the technical similarity matrix of the industry.Then,using the improved production function method,the technology spillovers are introduced into the production function as an independent factor of production,and finally panel data model is used to estimate the technology spillover model among industries.The impact of high-speed railway on the output of other industrial sectors has been studied on empirically on empirical methods.Finally,it is empirical research and result analysis.First of all,the source of empirical data is described,and the data are processed and cleaned up firstly,so that the data meet the requirements of research needs.Secondly,based on the similarity between industries,the similarity between industries is measured and the similarity matrix among industries is obtained.And using the multidimensional scaling method(MDS)to draw a clustering chart,clearly show the similarities and differences in the technical structure of various industries.China's 17 manufacturing industries are divided into four categories.Finally it is constructing the measure metrics of the inter-industry technology spillover-"Indirect R&D"(IRD),and the weight matrix of the IRD is replaced by the technical similarity matrix of the industry.Then,using the improved production function method,the technology spillovers are introduced into the production function as an independent factor of production,and finally panel data model is used to estimate the technology spillover model among industries.The impact of high-speed railway on the output of other industrial sectors has been studied on empirically on empirical methods.The results show that(1)based on the technical similarity matrix of the industry,24 industrial departments can be divided into 4 categories.And the industry has obvious common industry characteristics between the categories: the first category is mainly composed of metal-based machinery,communications equipment manufacturing and raw materials mining industry;the second category is mainly chemical-based industries;the third category is mainly light industry manufacturing;the fourth category is mainly energy processing industry.(2)Per capita output growth in various industrial sectors in China depends on both per capita capital and per capita direct R&D expenditure in industrial sectors,as well as indirect R&D increases,including technological spillovers from high-speed rail and technological spills in non-high-speed rail industrial sectors.(3)Labor input has no significant effect on the increase of industrial output per capita.And Per capita capital input still has a significant impact on per capita output in the industrial sector but less effect on per capita output in the industrial sector.(4)High-speed rail has significant technological spillover effect on other industrial sectors in China.This also proves the necessity of studying the high-speed rail technology spillover effect on other industrial sectors from the side.(5)The technology spillover of high-speed rail has a significant amplification effect on the output in the industrial sector.Moreover,the technology spillover effect of high-speed rail has even surpassed the return on the direct R&D investment of various industrial sectors.The technology spillover of high-speed rail has become one of the most important forces driving the industry's per-capita output increase.(6)The manufacturing sector other than the high-speed railway industry also has significant technological spillover effect on various industrial sectors and the technological spillover from other manufacturing sectors other than the high-speed railway industry has also become one of the major forces driving the industry's per-capita output increase.The main factors that affect the per capita output of various industrial sectors in China are both the technical spillover effect from high-speed rail and technology spillover from other industries.The technology spillover effect from other industries(indirect R&D)has far exceeded the industry direct R&D investment,become important forces driving the industry's per-capita output increase.Based on the above conclusions,the following policy recommendations are made:(1)strengthening the cooperation among upstream and downstream industries,encouraging industrial agglomeration and forming an industrial cluster effect.(2)Further increase investment in human capital in China's manufacturing industry,especially the cultivation and introduction of technical personnel and high-level talents.(3)While attaching importance to the introduction of technology,it is necessary to increase the direct R&D investment of enterprises in various industrial sectors and enhance the innovation capability of various manufacturing industries.(4)China's high-speed railway enterprises should continue to attach importance to the absorption capacity of high-speed rail core technologies and continue to maintain the world's leading position of the high-speed rail technologies.(5)Emphasis will be placed on utilizing the technology spillover effect among industries to make efforts to raise the technological research and development level in this industry through knowledge spillovers,industry-related spillovers and market spillovers. |
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