A Research Of Multidimensional Poverty Measurement Of Peasant Households And Recognition Of Its Cause In Qinba Mountainous

In 2011,in order to meet the needs of poverty alleviation work in the new situation,China raised the poverty alleviation standard in rural areas to 2,300 yuan.Since then,the poverty alleviation work has entered a new phase of accelerating the peasants' ability to get rid of poverty and become rich and improve their self-development ability..By 2016,China's absolute poverty population has decreased by a total of 122 million,the incidence of poverty has dropped by 12.7%,and the absolute poverty in rural areas has eased.However,the poverty problem in contiguous destitute areas is still very serious.At the end of 2016,21.82 million people were still in absolute poverty in contiguous destitute areas.With the continuous development of social economy,the rural poverty problem presents a certain degree of complexity.Traditional income poverty from perspective of instrumental poverty does not fully reflect the true status of poverty,and has certain limitations.On the contrary,the "capacity poverty" theory has achieved the return to the nature of poverty and has been accepted by the majority of scholars.The theory of "capacity poverty" holds that low income or consumption is only an external manifestation of poverty.Its essence is that the poor lack the ability to change their living conditions and obtain economic benefits.It is caused by the individual's lack of ability to convert the possessed resources into valueable activities.Therefore,understanding poverty needs to break through a single income dimension and consider multiple dimensions including medical care,health,education,and sanitation.Under the new situation,the focus of poverty alleviation work has also shifted from solving basic food and clothing problems for rural households to solving the problem of sustainable development of rural households.Therefore,re-identifying poor households and formulating accurate and feasible poverty alleviation policies are the key to solving the poverty problem.In view of this,this study is based on the theory of capacity poverty,taking the Qinba mountainous area as the study area,adopting three counties in Tongjiang County,Pingchang County,and Nanjiang County in Sichuan Province and three counties in Shiquan County,Ningshan County and Hanyin County in Shaanxi Province.The survey data of households in poverty-stricken counties in China were used to construct a scientific multi-dimensional poverty index system,and multidimensional poverty measurement was conducted for farmers,and an empirical analysis was made of the factors affecting the multi-dimensional poverty of rural households in order to provide support for poverty alleviation in the Qinba Mountains.Theoretical basis and method guidance.The main findings of this article are as follows:First,multi-dimensional measurement of poor rural households in Qinba Mountainous Area.Based on the multi-dimensional poverty index system of UNDP-MPI,this study follows the Alkire-Foster multi-dimensional poverty measurement method to measure and decompose the multi-dimensional poverty of rural households in Qinba Mountainous Area from the dimensions of health,education,living standards,and income.The study found that:(1)The multi-dimensional poverty rate of farmers in Qinba Mountain is 63.35%,and the multidimensional poverty index is 0.30.Compared with the existing research,the multi-dimensional poverty rate and multidimensional poverty index in the Qinba Mountains are significantly higher than the national average.The poverty rate of living fuels and health indicators was the highest,reaching 91.15% and 62.40%,and the poverty rate of living electricity was the lowest,only 0.95%.(2)In the decomposition of the multidimensional poverty index,the contribution rates of different dimensions are quite different.Among them,the contribution rate of the health dimension and income dimension is the highest,which is 46.96% and 20.09%,respectively,which is the aspect that needs to be paid attention to in solving the problem of poverty in the Qinba Mountain farmer households.(3)Judging from the sample counties,Tongjiang County has the most serious multidimensional poverty and poverty incidence,which is 0.3574 and 76.15%,followed by Pingchang County,with 0.3547 and 71.43% respectively.Shiquan County's multi-dimensional poverty status is relatively light,only 0.1647,and the incidence of poverty is also very low,only 39.67%.However,judging from the poverty intensity,Hanyin County is the most severe with an average deprivation share of 0.5158.Second,the influencing factors of multidimensional poverty of rural households in Qinba Mountainous Area.For the identified multi-dimensional poor farmers,the logit model was used to empirically analyze the poverty-causing factors of rural households from the micro level and the village level.The empirical results show that:(1)The householder's personal characteristics,the higher the householder's age and the worse the health condition,the higher the probability of farmers suffering from multi-dimensional poverty;(2)The family's basic characteristics,the larger the family's population,the more the elderly population's population is.It is easy to fall into the multi-dimensional poverty state,and the village cadres in the family members will reduce the probability that the peasant households will fall into multidimensional poverty;(3)The traits of the social network,the more the number of relatives and households,the more the annual number of gratuities,the peasant households suffer from multidimensional poverty.The lower the possibility is;(4)The higher the village hardening ratio is,the lower the probability of peasant households falling into multidimensional poverty,and the fact that the village is in a natural disaster area increases the possibility of rural households falling into multidimensional poverty.According to the above research conclusions,the following policy recommendations are made:(1)attach importance to rural population education and increase training input;(2)pay attention to the health status of rural households and improve the level of medical services;(3)improve the rural pension insurance system and implement rural minimum living security;(4)to further speed up infrastructure construction and promote the development of rural e-commerce;(5)we must guide the establishment of mutual assistance groups for farmers and give full play to the positive role of social networks;(6)establish a multidimensional poverty database and improve the targeting mechanism for poverty alleviation work.