Status Of Vegetable Industry And Analysis Of High Efficiency Production Modes In Harbin

As the capital city of Heilongjiang Province,Harbin is a key city in the“Harbin and Changchun City Group”.It has a wide area and a dense population.The annual demand for vegetables is huge.Its vegetable industry development model has a strong demonstration and guidance in the province.This study is based on the spirit of the“National Comprehensive Reform Implementation Plan for Modern Agriculture in the Two Great Plains of Heilongjiang Province”,the Heilongjiang Provincial Agricultural Development Strategy and related policy guidance,and relying on the“collaborative innovation system of modern agricultural industrial technology in Heilongjiang Province”.From December 2016 to February 2018,a systematic investigation and analysis was conducted on the vegetable industry in Harbin.In this project,literature research,questionnaire surveys,correspondence,seminars,and on-site visits were conducted to investigate the development history,current status(scale,type,and type)of vegetable industry in Harbin,and major production patterns of vegetables;The development of vegetable industry in Harbin has accurately grasped the status of the vegetable industry,combed the problems in the development of the vegetable industry,compared and screened the production models of vegetables with good economic benefits,and proposed corresponding countermeasures for the development of the vegetable industry in Harbin;Even provide reference for the development of vegetable industry in Heilong jiang Province.The results of the study are as follows:1.The development of vegetable industry in Harbin can be divided into six stages.(1)Sprout stage(1645-early 20th century);(2)Free development stage(early 20th century-1949);(3)Industry initial stage(1949-1969);(4)Industrial development stage(1969-1990);(5)Industrial forming stage(1990-2005);(6)Industrial restructuring stage(2005-present).2.The type,size,distribution,and varieties of vegetables in Harbin's vegetable industry have been clarified.By the end of 2017,Harbin had 64,448.4hm~2 of vegetable production land,of which 57793.5hm~2 are open field vegetables,5522.7 hm~2 are plastic greenhouses and 1032.2hm~2are greenhouses.The top five districts and counties with vegetable production land area are Shuangcheng(19805.1hm~2,accounting for 30.8%),Wuchang(11999.9 hm~2,accounting for 18.6%),Binxian(9933.3 hm~2,accounting for 15.4%),Hulan(7531.6 hm~2,accounting for 11.7%),and Daoli(2666.6hm~2,accounting for 4.1%).13 kinds of vegetables were mainly planted in Harbin,and they are Chinese cabbage,leafy vegetables,cucumber,eggplant,tomato,kidney bean,scallion,pepper,cabbage,radish,garlic,onion,carrot.The top five planting areas were cabbage,leafy vegetables,cucumber,eggplant,and tomato.They were 19733.3hm~2,6533.3hm~2,5866.7hm~2,4733.3hm~2,and 4533.3hm~2,accounting for 27.3%,9.0%,8.1%,6.5%,6.3%.3.13 kinds of efficient vegetable production models suitable for Harbin were selected.They consisted of five kinds of efficient production patterns of greenhouse vegetable,four kinds of efficient production patterns of vinyl tunnel vegetable,and four kinds of efficient production patterns of open field vegetable.4.Main issues that restrict the development of vegetable industry in Harbin are found and seven countermeasures are proposed.(1)Change thoughts,pay attention to the development of vegetable industry;(2)Investigate accurately,plan the layout of Harbin vegetable industry scientifically;(3)Strengthen the storage,transportation and processing links,and build a mode of vegetable production in the whole industry;(4)Increase investment in infrastructure such as water,electricity,roads,and wholesale markets;(5)Introduce agricultural insurance and improve the subsidy system;(6)Emphasis on technical training for farmers,and train professional personnel in basic level;(7)Screen and demonstrate the promotion of high-efficiency production models and standardize technical regulations.5.The layout plan of Harbin vegetable industry is formulated.Centering on the core urban area of Harbin,combined with the industry status and location characteristics of each district and county,the vegetable industry development strategy was re-planned.