Research On Finance And Tax Policy Optimization For Promoting Technology R&D Of Photovoltaic Industry Enterprises

Traditional energy crisis makes new energy becoming a new economic growth point,and a series of new energy policies have really promoted the development process of new energy,especially the photovoltaic industry showing explosive growth.In 2005,Michael Rogol,the analyst of CLSA,proposed that the photovoltaic industry has a very bright prospect in the PV industry outlook report.This conclusion has been widely recognized by scholars,so they began to explore the development path and direction of the photovoltaic industry.As the photovoltaic industry has strong policy dependence and sensitivity,with the development of the photovoltaic industry,the problems of China's fiscal and taxation policies are increasingly exposed,especially the incentive effect on corporate R&D is highly controversial.Under this situation,how to optimize the fiscal and taxation policies,the main means of government regulation,and promote the innovative development of the photovoltaic industry has become an urgent problem to be solved.The first part of the paper discusses the background of the research,which leads to the photovoltaic industry the most effective substitute for optimizing the energy structure and replacing the increasingly exhausted traditional energy,and combing the current fiscal and taxation policies of China's photovoltaic industry,and do some simple analysis of its problems.Then this paper analyzes the significance?the main contents and methods of the thesis?the innovations and deficiencies are also mentioned.The second part of the paper first summarizes the relevant literatures on the development of photovoltaic industry at home and abroad,although scholars have different research perspectives,but they all raise the necessity and importance of government policy support.Secondly,it sorts out the current fiscal and taxation policies of China's photovoltaic industry and carries on a simple analysis of the problems existing in the current fiscal and taxation policies.Finally,from the two respects summarizing the impact of current fiscal and taxation policies on R&D innovation and carrying out a review.The third part uses game model and partial equilibrium to analyze the mechanism of financial subsidies and tax incentives for R&D,and proposes the leverage effect and crowding out effect of financial subsidies on enterprise R&D and the incentive effect of tax incentives.The fourth part is the empirical analysis of fiscal and taxation policies on R&D.After considering the mixed regression,random effects model and fixed effect model,the fixed effect variable intercept model is selected for empirical analysis.The empirical results are that financial subsidies and tax incentives both promoting the R&D innovation of enterprises,and the incentive effect of tax incentives is better than financial subsidies.The fifth part analyzes the fiscal and taxation policies of the photovoltaic industry of the three typical countries: United States,Germany and Japan.And analyzes the enlightenment to China from the perspectives of industrial chain equilibrium,policy diversity and expansion of the photovoltaic market.The sixth part puts forward three conclusions on the theoretical analysis and empirical analysis of the previous article.One is the dual effects of financial subsidies;the second is the positive effects of tax incentives;and the third is to give up subsidies moderately and take tax adjustment as the leading factor.Based on this,it puts forward suggestions on various fiscal and taxation policies,including regulating the use of financial subsidies,increasing tax incentives,and improving the fiscal and taxation policy system.