Research On Paths Of National Pooling Of Urban Enterprise Workers' Basic Pension From The Perspective Of Income Distribution

As one of the pension insurance systems,the basic pension insurance system for employees in urban enterprises,due to the continuous expansion of their coverage and fund revenue and expenditure scale,constitutes the pillar system design in the entire pension insurance system,and the basic pension system,as social pooling funds,can be used not only as the source of redistributive regulation but also as a redistribution purpose.In view of this,the Chinese government has continuously deepened the reform plan for raising the level of basic pension planning.From 1991,China first proposed the concept of provincial-level coordination of pension insurance to realizing the overall management level at the provincial level in 2015,although it has gone through 24 years,from the standpoint of the unified revenue and expenditure bases in strict sense,most provinces only adopted the provincial adjustment fund system,and the specific collection,management,and calculation of basic pensions still remained at the county and city level.And provincial government organizations could not directly participate in the process.According to the annual schedule announced by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Sciences,the national pooling plan that should have been promulgated in 2016 did not appear on time.In addition,the problem of increasing local pensions for the elderly is being forced to implement the national overall plan as soon as possible.Therefore,how to design anational pooling programme for basic pensions for employees in urban enterprises is still one of the major challenges.This is also the practical significance of the in-depth exploration of this paper,and the discussion of raising the level of overall planning for basic pensions and the influence of the income redistribution effect is the key to the in-depth study of the article.This article takes the income redistribution as the theoretical perspective,based on the principle of taking into account the fairness of life and labor,learns from the successful experience of the predecessors,and designs calculation plan of basic pension for employees in urban enterprises according to the national social wage,the provincial social wage,and the personal indexed payroll wages and their variants.The basic pension plans has been constructed with five program models,namely Plan 1 W Provincial,Plan 2 W National,Plan 3(W National + W Individual)/2,Plan 4(W National + W Provincial + W individual)/ 3,Plan 5(W national + W individual')/2.The paper calculates the level of treatment among different regions under different schemes,and then use three income redistribution measurement indicators,and calculates respectively income redistribution effects of these five schemes,and takes the in-depth and thorough comparison and analysis of changes in income gaps among different regions brought by increasing the level of basic pension planning under different schemes and changes in the income redistribution effects.According to the data obtained from the empirical analysis,we can conclude the following conclusions:(1)With Plan 1 as the reference value,the treatment level of all provinces has changed under the other national overall schemes,confirming that the other four schemes played a role in the redistribution of income;With Beijing as a reference value,combined with the relative value of cumulative payment ratios of all provinces,the plan 5 adhered to the principle of fairness for paying more and more,and under this plan,the relative value of basic pensions among 30 provinces that accounted for have been improved.(2)Based on the standard deviation,?1> ?4> ?5>?3> ?2,that is to say,the standard deviations of the second,third,fourth,and fifth plans are all smaller than that of the first plan,and the redistribution effect of the national overall plan is better than that of the provincial overall plan.Further,takingthe Gini coefficient G and the average redundance coefficient ASR for income redistribution as the determining criteria,and G1> G4> G3> G5> G2,and ASR2>ASR5> ASR3> ASR4> ASR1.Obviously from a theoretical point of view,the redistribution effect of Plan 2 is effective.However,from a realistic point of view,the program is an extreme case.All new retirees in 31 provinces across the country will receive the same pensions regardless of their contributions.Although they are fair in absolute terms,they do not take personal payment into account at all,nor do they take into account the differences in wage levels among provinces.In fact,they indirectly cause new inequities.The plan is temporarily unavailable in the current stage.The measured value of Plan 4 in this study is only sub-Plan 1,and the effect of income redistribution is relatively poor.There is no excessive consideration here.(3)Based on the results of the calculations,further analysis of Plans 3 and 5 will be carried out.The results of the two measurements are only sub-Plan 2,and they are relatively close.This is closely related to the fifth option,which is based on the results of the distortions of Plan 3.From the comprehensive analysis of the design principle level and the empirical measurement level,the calculated results of Plan 5 are better than those of Plan 3,and the income redistribution effect is relatively good.The basic pension obtained during the design of the plan is closely linked with the situation of self-payment,realizing the real sense of the relative fair.Finally,the paper hopes to choose Plan 5 as a transitional plan for the basic pension plan,and cooperates with the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions.It hopes to ensure that the basic pension can be allocated fairly and can help pave the way for promoting national integration.