Research On Targeted Cultivation Of "precision Medicinal Materials"

"Precision medicine" is the material basis for the realization of "precision medicine" in traditional Chinese medicine.Through directional selection of germplasm,cultivation area,tending management,collecting processing methods and different space parts,the "precision medicinal materials" with specific targets in different efficacy are used in traditional Chinese medicine.To a certain extent,it can achieve more precise symptomatic medication and promote the development of "precision medicine" in Chinese medicine.Polygonum multiflorum is a typical representative of multi efficacy medicinal materials.This study takes Polygonum multiflorum as an example,taking cis-TSG as the toxicity index,and using trans-TSG,free anthraquinone and combined anthraquinone as the efficacy index,starting with 5 links of origin,key cultivation technology,harvest time,initial addition method and medicinal part.Objective to establish a directional breeding system for low toxic,tonic,cathartic and detoxified Polygonum multiflorum.The results are as follows:(1)There were significant differences in the content and proportion of 4 components in Polygonum multiflorum from different habitats(P<0.05).cis-TSG was the highest in Chongqing Qian Tang town(0.1475±0.0093)%,and the lowest in Tangshan,Hebei.The content of trans-TSG was the highest in Shiyan,Hubei(7.6074± 0.4793)%,the lowest in Guangdong Yangchun(1.5598±0.0983)%,and 4.92 times in two.The content of combined anthraquinone was highest in Lugu,Liangshan,Sichuan(1.4795±0.0932)%,the lowest in Guangdong Yangchun(0.0493±0.0031)%,and 30.01 times in two.The content of free anthraquinones was highest in Lugu,Liangshan,Sichuan(2.1069± 0.1327)%,the lowest in Henan Songxian(0.0973±0.0061)%,and 21.65 times in two.(2)In the field of field cultivation measures,topping,building and dressing can effectively improve the yield of Polygonum multiflorum,which is the best for the top height to stay 2m-2.5m,the best for two years in the frame model.The nitrogen and potassium fertilizer in the ratio of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium on the number of tuber root of Polygonum multiflorum and the main stem are larger,and the effect of phosphate fertilizer on the size of the root tuber is greater.In terms of quality,topping and reducing fertilizer can reduce the content of cis-TSG.Top treatment,no frame pattern and reduced fertilization can increase the content of the combined anthraquinone,and the free anthraquinone content can be increased without topping treatment and reducing fertilization.(3)In terms of harvest time,the output of Polygonum multiflorum increased with the increase of months and years,and the growth rate slowed down year by year.The yield in summer increased rapidly,and the output in 3-4 and 10-12 months was relatively stable.The content of the 4 class components increased gradually in 1-3 years,and the growth rate decreased with the limit of the year.To fourth years,it showed a downward trend.It was suggested that the planting period of Polygonum multiflorum was better for 2-3 years.In the month,the content of cis-TSG was lower in 3-4 months and December.The content of trans-TSG and combined anthraquinone was higher in 10-12 months,and the content of free anthraquinone was higher in the month of 6-7.(4)In the initial processing technology,the content of TSG is higher in sun drying and dry samples,and the drying,microwave drying and vacuum drying(50 ?)are relatively low,and the content decreases with the increase of drying temperature after 60 ?.The content of anthraquinone is the highest in the way of drying,the second is dry,and the content decreases with the rise of the drying temperature.Therefore,it is better to increase the content of the combined anthraquinone to dry at low temperature.The content of free anthraquinone is higher,the content of vacuum drying and microwave drying is lower and the drying temperature rises.Therefore,it should be better to increase the content of free anthraquinone by high temperature.cis-TSG and trans-TSG showed a downward trend in the dynamic drying process,and the combined anthraquinones and free anthraquinones decreased slightly.In the different cutting specifications,the content of the 4 types of block type is higher than that of the tablet type,and the content of the TSGs and the combined anthraquinones decreases with the increase of the thickness of the sheet,and the content of free anthraquinone increases with the increase of the thickness of the sheet type.In different sweating ways,the content of cis-TSG was lower than that of fresh cut dry.Trans-TSG and combined anthraquinone with dry 5-10h had the best sweating effect after drying the 5-10h(about 70%water content).The content of free anthraquinone was best after drying 25-30h(about 40%moisture content).(5)The contents of the 4 components showed the rule that the middle part was lower than the two ends in the different parts of the root space of the root of Polygonum multiflorum.Because the content of cis-TSG at both ends of the reed head is also high,the range of removing the head should be further confirmed by combining with the pharmacological experiments in the later stage.