Research On The Influence Of Luxembourg's Totality Thought On Lukács

Both Rosa Luxemburg from the Second International and Lukacs Gyorgy from the Third International are very important figures in the history of Marxism,the former developing Marxist political economy,and the latter directly creating a new Marxist school-Western Marxism.Comparing their thoughts has important theoretical significance for clarifying the relationship between Luxemburg and Western Marxism.In fact,in the similar historical context,Luxemburg's thought which was characterized by totality profoundly influenced Lukacs through direct and indirect paths.These effects were multifaceted and long-term,specifically in the following four areas:Firstly,Luxemburg's spiritual temperament influenced the theoretical features of young Lukacs.Luxemburg's staunch leftist position and passionate fighting spirit in the polemics with Bernstein,Kautsky and Lenin deeply affected Lukacs,leaving him to show a ultra-left subjectivism,utopianism and political activism;Secondly,Luxemburg's understanding of the totality of Marx's doctrine influenced young Lukacs' attitude towards Marxism,influenced his interpretation perspective of Marxism,and influenced his interpretation paradigm of Marxist dialectics.Luxemburg emphasized the general characteristics of Marxist theory and advocated treating Marxism with Marx's historical dialectics.Under the influence of these ideas,Lukacs treated Marxism with the same critical attitude and began to interpret Marxism from the perspective of philosophical methodology,and defined Marx's dialectics with totality;Thirdly,Luxemburg's study of the totality of capitalist society influenced the methodology,epistemology,theoretical dimension and some viewpoints of Lukacs.Luxemburg studied the capitalist society from the subjective and objective aspects,and emphasized that the demise of capitalism and the victory of socialism are the unification of law and purpose.Through the study of Luxemburg's approach,Lukacs further deepened his general approach and unilaterally developed the subjective dimension of Luxemburg's general idea,and gradually built a totality theory with strong humanism;Fourthly,Luxemburg's totality thought about democracy and socialism influenced Lukacs' exploration of the European socialist road.Luxemburg's specific points on democracy and socialism provided a reference to theory and practice in both positive and negative terms for Lukacs' exploration of European socialism which was different from the Russian revolutionary model,making Lukacs a similar democracy select.At the same time,Luxemburg's dialectical attitude towards the October Revolution also played an active role in Lukacs joining the Communist Party and reflecting on the October Revolution.Of course,we should see their similarities,and we should also see their differences that lay the theoretical traits of Western Marxism.