| Shaanxi Province Enterprise Company Limited was a province-operating economical organization which was set up after full-scale anti-Japanese war through the domination of Shaanxi provincial government.It existed in the form of enterprise company and was an important state-owned institution of Northwest China in Anti-Japanese War period,especially in Shaanxi province.It existed throughout the entire 1940s and its main business contained two major aspects.The first was trade business and the second was production business.Shaanxi province Enterprise company,during the ten years of its existence,had a certain influence on the economical development of Shaanxi province and even northwest region especially the development of industrial and mineral industry.Since modern times,the industry development of entire northwest region lagged far behind coastal areas.Its modern industry Modern industry started late,the industrial base was weak,and the development was slow.And its modern industry entering developmental stage in its true sense started in 1930s.especially after the July 7 Incident of 1937,plenty of land was occupied and southwest and northwest region of china became home front for anti-Japanese war.Industry especially the coastal industry moved to the interior.this prompted industry development of northwest region and culminated all-rounded development.The types of industrial and mining enterprises began to be sound,and the technology,equipment and personnel brought by the internal migration industry laid the foundation for industrial development in the northwest region.In the context of the war,the national government formulated a series of economic policies in order to fight against the needs of the founding of the People's Republic of China,and vigorously developed the social economy in the rear area,especially the mining and mining industry.The national government continued the policy of exploitation and construction of northwest which was promulgated before A full-scale war of resistance broke out.As the nation's economical support for the home front,on the one hand,this aimed to concentrate manpower material resources and did military preparation for the war of resistance:on the other hand,the provinces in the home front seized the opportunity to develop its own production enterprise.Therefore,in the Anti-Japanese War period,a large number of economic organizations of provincial enterprises were established.It is an important component of the national economy during the Anti-Japanese War.Shaanxi Province Enterprise Company Limited was established in the need of age.At this time,the state policy strongly supported the development of industry,and the northwest region situated a prominent position on the Anti-Japanese War home front,especially Shaanxi province was an Intersection area for war zone and home front.But At this time,the industrial products on the market cannot meet the social needs.Meanwhile,the establishment of enterprise corporation in Guizhou province led other provinces to following suit.Therefore,Shaanxi Province Enterprise Corporation Limited was formally established in xi 'an,Shaanxi province on December 1,1940.Its predecessor was the supply and Marketing Department.Its founding purpose was to respond to the great cause of anti-Japanese war and establishing a new state,to develop the resources of the province,and to adjust the supply and demand of people's livelihood.Its founding capital totally came from the official financial resources.Relatively speaking,it was abundant,from original 20 million to 30 million in 1942.This enterprise corporation's business carried out into two sections.One is trade business,mainly transporting and selling cottons,homespun to Sichuan,Chongqing and Gansu region.Meanwhile it bought and carried sugar,paper and other everyday items from Sichuan and Chongqing;industrial raw materials from Gansu;and bought up products from occupied area to supply military need and civil use.For a better trading business,the enterprise set up offices in Sichuan,Gansu,Henan,Shaanxi and other places.The other is productive enterprises.It mainly consists of two aspects.First,the Shaanxi provincial enterprise company invested by itself in the construction of factories and mines,Mainly according to the resources of the northwest region and the military needs of the civilian industry.it mainly involved in heavy industry and the production business scope is rather extensive.The second is joint venture of factories and mines.Shaanxi Province Enterprise Corporation,as a province operating economical organization,itself should promote the development of other industries,Because of the investment in the production enterprise which is needed in Shaanxi province,or the investment of the company with the development prospect,or the personnel involved in the management.The first is to encourage the development of industry,and the second is to make investment profit.According to the needs of the society and its own situation,the company flexibly carried out businesses,improved its own organizational structure and implemented strict management systems,so that all business activities can be carried out in an orderly manner.However,After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War in 1945,Shaanxi Province Enterprise Company Limited declined gradually.Due to the impact of industrial development and the capital turnover was not good,some factories and mines were shut down,the trade business was completely stopped,and the government required crunching agencies and demobilization.With the influence of civil war,the shift in political gravity and the deterioration of the economic situation,by 1949,Only chemical factories in Shaanxi Province Enterprise Company Limited were still struggling to maintain production.Although that corporation wanted to resume production of Cement factory,dyeing and weaving factory,etc.,it did not make it come true.After the liberation of xi 'an,Shaanxi Province Enterprise Corporation was taken over,Then it was renamed Guan zhong enterprises,declaring the bankruptcy of Company Limited of Shaanxi enterprises.Company Limited of Shaanxi enterprises,during the ten years of its existence,could be called the biggest province operating company in northwest region.But due to the social and economic background and the inevitable problems in itself,it finally came to an end.But it had a profound influence on supporting the Anti-Japanese War,ensuring military supplies,promoting interprovincial material circulation,supplying people's livelihood needs,even the development of Shaanxi industry.It was a microcosm of province operating enterprise economy in the rear of the Anti-Japanese War period.The province operating enterprise formed an important part of the state-owned economy during the Anti-Japanese War.But it declined rapidly after the Anti-Japanese War and most of the province operating companies stopped production in 1949.It reflected that its economical system was generated with war.Company Limited of Shaanxi enterprises met social need to some degrees,made a contribution to modern industry development of northwest,and provides reference for today's enterprise development.But because of the subjective and objective reasons,it did not exhibit the effect of province operating economy to its full potential... |
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