A Comparative Study Of Wang Bi And Guo Xiang's "natural" Category

In the Wei and Jin dynasties,the first meaning of "nature" is that all things are themselves,and the changes of their interest are in accordance with their nature.For everything,nature means freedom and nature.Under the oppression of the tedious and the hypocrisy,the intellectuals of Wei and Jin had a strong desire for freedom,and hoped to explore a way to achieve the true nature of humanity.This is the starting point of the people of Wei and Jin advocating the natural thought.But what is human nature?How does human nature reveal in reality?What is the relationship between human nature and reality?With thinking about human nature,the intellectuals of the Wei and Jin dynasties developed from the discrimination between talent and nature to the analysis of profundity principle,and from the metaphysical wisdom to the knowledge of profound and lasting.Therefore,the theme of Wei and Jin extends to the problem about the universe,and probes into the origin of the being of the universe.Correspondingly,the more the intellectuals go into the ontological problems of the universe,the more insight into the human nature.Metaphysics is the most thorough discussion about the fundamental problems of the universe in the Wei and Jin dynasties,and it is also an analysis of human nature.In other words,the answer of the metaphysicians to human nature is,to some extent,based on their theory of the universe ontology.What is the relationship of the universe as a whole,relocating the human being in the whole idea,answering the human nature question.Wangbi and Guoxiang discuss the problem of the ontology of the universe and have a strong sense of reality.They explore the motive of the universe ontology,the suppression of human nature by the reality,and reflect on the Confucian ethical code,and then reflect on how the virtue of man can be restored to its own.The pre-qin Taoist said "nature" does not involve "human nature",while the intellectuals of Wei and Jin talked about the human nature.The intellectuals of Wei and Jin discussed nature,that is to try to introduce the Taoist nature and to establish the foundation of moral human nature,in order to return to the moral nature of the real people.Therefore,the understanding of the truth about the universe is inextricably linked with the reality,and the ultimate tendency of its problems often falls on the real issue of human "human nature".The discussion of the universe ontology by the metaphysicians has a certain development process to the human nature.There are two stages in the discussion.The first stage is represented by Heyan and Wangbi.Heyan comments on wang bi "People like this,can talk about the relationship between man and nature!" To extend,Wangbi use "The absence" to explain the causes of cosmic change,means that the intellectuals had been formally thought about the universe in an ontological way of thinking,and use the root and branch to explain the things' change between birth and death,to describe the common sense of existence.In this stage,the significance of the discussion on the ontology of the universe is to open up the intellectuals' thinking on social and political issues,and to reflect on the social and human problems in a deeper philosophical perspective.For example,Heyan and Wangbi discussed the problem of the saint with"The absence".Wang bi's analysis of the Confucian ethical code in laozi is based on the principle of "advocating the root to governance the branch "and "advocating the root to raise the branch".But in this stage,the consciousness of human nature is less in theory.One of the obvious phenomena is that "Lao zi" and "yi jing",which are not paid attention to zhuangzi,are attached to "laozi" and "yi jing".Second phase Simashi reigned around regime as the turning point,when in the face of individual survival crisis,on the one hand,to seek the way of the freedom of the individual liberation,and on the other hand have to acknowledge and accept the reality of inevitability.This dual demand is reflected in Guoxiang's ontological thought,which is not only the problem of social education,but also the authenticity of human beings.