| The Book of Songs is the earliest collection of poems in China and one of the Five Confucian Classics.It contains a total of about 500 years'poems from the early Western Zhou Dynasty to the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period.It is divided into three categories-Feng,Ya,and Song,with 305 poems in all.Each poem is a vivid portrayal of the Western Zhou Dynasty and contains the spirit of the Zhou Culture.Guofeng is the essence of The Book of Songs,it contains 160 poems mostly made by the common people.Its language is very lively and sharp,which is close to life.Usually,in Guofeng,four words makes a sentence and four sentences makes a chapter,and the rhyme types are diverse.Its language and rhyme has a profound influence on the creation of later poetry.The Book of Songs has been translated into Manchu since the Shunzhi time,later appeared its inscriptions and transcripts.In the Qianlong era,only one inscription,translated in the Hall of Martial Valor and finished in the 33rd year of Qianlong,was handed down to the present,and is housed in libraries in China.Based on the inscription of the 11th year of Shunzhi,this inscription is a bilingual literature in Manchu and Chinese which re-translated by referring to the New Manchu.Thus,the Hall of Martial Valor inscription(HMV inscription hereinafter)is exquisite in its language,rhyme,as well as paper designing and binding.In brief,it's the most worthwhile edition to study of all translations.So far,there are only two studies have been made on this literature in the world,and they are both unrelated to the topic of language research,which leaves room for my study.This thesis aims to take Guofeng as an example to conduct a preliminary study on the linguistic features of the HMV inscription.After copying the whole inscription,the study first introduces information about its translation background,binding and content,depository versions and collection.Then the study is carried out from three aspects:voice,vocabulary,and grammar.In the aspects of voice,this study first constructs the vowel and consonant systems of the HMV inscription and compares it with Manchu.Secondly,the study analyzes its phonetic phenomenon of vowel harmony,to verify whether Chinese influences this phenomenon in translating.Thirdly,this study summarizes rhyme of poems in this inscription,and contrasts it with that of Manchu Poetry and poems in Guofeng.In the aspects of vocabulary,this study first summarizes ways of word-building in the HMV inscription and makes a contrast with that in Manchu.Secondly,the study analyzes main translation methods of Chinese loanwords.In the aspects of grammar,based on grammatical categories of Manchu nouns and verbs,this study classifies and enumerates these categories in the HMV inscription,and makes a contrast between them in types and forms.Besides,the study also summarizes the repeated sentence patterns in Guofeng and analyzes the sentence patterns of their translations.In the end,this study concludes all linguistic features of the HMV inscription... |
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