Research On The "x Not C + Interrogative Form" Type Of Construction

"x?c+question form" has a certain complexity inside,and presents different characteristics due to the difference of "x,c,interrogative pronoun",so it has the corresponding research value.However,the current academic research on this kind of construction mainly focus on the case study,and few papers systematically study this kind of structure as a whole.Therefore,this paper takes"x ?c+question form" as the research object.On the basis of previous studies,this paper applies Goldberg's constructional grammar theory to analysis the construction,construction meaning,syntactic and pragmatic functions,and diachronic development of this type of construction.The structure of "x ? c+question form" is composed of the constant "?" and the variable"x,c,question pronoun".Among them,"x"is mostly a verb with a small number of adjectives,while the syllables of "x" are mostly monosyllables and a small number of two-syllable words."c"in the construction of "x ? c+question form" can be divided into two types:the verb" ? " and the verb" ?????".Whether the verb "?" or the verb "? "or the verb "?"and"?",they are all complements without practical meaning after being blurred.The interrogative pronouns in"x ?c+question form " must be related to the category of quantity,mainly including "what,how long,where,how much,how much",etc.These interrogative pronouns are all imaginary usages in this construction.The construction meaning expressed by "x ?c+question form" is "the limited meaning of subjective comment,namely the small amount of subjective meaning",which has three characteristics:subjectivity,criticality and finiteness.Although this kind of construction has a common construction meaning,according to the different semantic types it expresses,the common construction meaning can be subdivided into the subjective small meaning of time type,degree type and quantity type.The syntactic features of "x ? c+question form" are mainly reflected in its function as a syntactic component,its co-occurrence with adverbs,and the object of "x ?c".The syntactic function of "x ? c+interrogative form" is relatively simple,generally serving as a predicate in the sentence,with a small amount of which can serve as an attribute.The subjective,critical and limited features of the construction of "x? c+interrogative form" are expressed in the form of its frequent co-occurrence with highly subjective and critical adverbs of mood,the co-occurrence of scope adverbs with "x ? c+question form" mainly concentrated in the "?" and "?",this is because "?" and "?"can express quantity category,or subjective small righteousness in the sentence can help said,and "x?c+ question form" structure type righteous harmony.The object of "x ? c" can be divided into two cases:when "x" is an invidible verb,the object of "x ? c"must be "interrogative pronoun+NP",which is determined by the nature of the invidible verb;The object of "x ?????" and "x ????" must be the interrogative pronoun.The pragmatic functions of "x? c+ question form" mainly include its pragmatic presupposition,focus function and discourse function.The pragmatic presupposition of "x?c+question form" is that "the speaker acknowledges x,but subjectively thinks that the quantity of x is limited".As a predicate structure,"x?c+question form" is a kind of natural focus.When it appears in a sentence,it is usually the new information that the speaker wants to attract the listene's special attention,that is,the focus."x ? c+question form" the discourse function of main performance results in it results in the causal,transitional sentence as well as the advantage in some special sentence patterns,the main reason is the Uighur and special sentence because of the logical relationship or psychological relationship with "x ? c+ question form" mode of righteousness or expressed by the preset of pragmatics with inner unity.In general,the diachronic development of the class structure of "x ? c+question form" has a relatively clear context:"vo ? c?x ? c?x ? c+quantity NP?x ? c+question form".As the negative form of "vc","v ? c" is evolved from the separable moving-complement combination "vo? c",which can be divided into two stages:in the Tang and Song dynasties,"?" and "c" firstly merged to form the separable moving-complement combination vo ? c;In the Song and Yuan dynasties,the separable verb-complement combination evolved into the energy-predicate complement structure "x ? c",and "x" can be either a verb or an adjective.In the Ming and Qing dynasties,"x ? c" could be followed by quantity NP,and expressed the meaning of subjective small quantity.In the end,it is generally from the Qing dynasty to the Republic of China when the "x?c+question form" type.About the motivation of this kind of mode of development,mainly from two aspects of internal cause and external cause,"x?c+question form" of the development of the internal motive is mainly negative word "?" subjectivity and flexibility,and interrogative pronoun "what,where,how much " blur,at the same time this kind of mode of diachronic development is inseparable from phonetics,semantics,syntax,use frequency,etc.The influence of the external causes.