Research On Uighur Legal Documents Unearthed In Gaochang—Compared With Documents In Other Regions

Huihu text loan instruments can be divided into two types:food lending and non-food lending.There are two types of grain lending:"Spring and Autumn" and "Non-Spring and Autumn".The former strictly regulates the time of borrowing and repayment of loans.This type of grain lending is also widespread in the Central Plains and Dunhuang.The latter is more random and is a relatively loose grain loan.Regarding the interest on food loans,the society relies on the sum of the total interest rate,does not calculate the interest on a monthly basis,and strictly abides by the standard of "borrowing one or two",with a total interest rate of 100%.Huihu's non-food borrowing has interest-bearing and interest-free two situations.Most of the contract guarantees are people,and the property guarantees appear in very few contracts.Compared with the guarantees in which the loans in the Central Plains area in the Dunhuang area and the Tang and Song Dynasties are more than the combination of property insurance and people's insurance,the difference is large.Huihu's trading instrument not only reflects the economic problems of the society at the time,but also contains a certain legal system.The normative nature of commodity trading and land transactions and slave trade shows that private ownership has matured at the time.The guarantee system of the Huihu's trading instrument is sound,and the guarantee of the Chinese and the guarantee of the subject matter are clearly stated in the instrument.By comparing the Central Plains Code and the Tibetan documents,it is found that in the term of "listening regrets" of the subject matter,there is a special case.In terms of the provisions for breach of contract,the"received penalty" type is not unique to the returning documents.Similarities and penalties are imposed in the Dunhuang area of the Tang Dynasty and the Blackwater City area of Xixia.The contents of the two are similar and different.Huihu'rent contract has a certain format,and the signing of the contract follows a fixed charter.The contract has largely inherited the format of the contract between Gaochang and Tang Dynasty.The contract is streamlined and mature,and the basic principles of many contracts have become social consensus.Compared with the tenancy documents of the Central Plains in the same period,the positions of the two in the period of the deed are quite different.The tenancy contract reflects the diversified tenancy relationship,and the information related to land taxation is further helped to understand the land taxation system during Gaochang's reign.The land tax that the tenants are responsible for will be stipulated in the contract.The amount of land tax paid by the landlord also objectively reflects the degree of exploitation of the tenancy relationship.The retrospective documents unearthed by Gaochang reflect that the political,economic,and legal systems of Gaochang's returning society are similar to those of the Central Plains or other regions,and they also exhibit their own characteristics.These characteristics are based on the historical and cultural traditions and specificities of Huihu itself.The social environment is determined.The characteristics of the coexistence of diversity and identity are the key reasons for jointly promoting the process of multi-dimensional integration of the Chinese nation.