Research On Nietzsche's View Of Science

As a great philosopher in the post-Hegel era,Nietzsche had a profound influence on modern and contemporary Western philosophy.Many of his philosophical theories,such as Nietzsche's will to power,superhuman doctrine,and “God is dead”,had caused widespread discussions.But his relevant expositions on science had not attracted due attention in academia.Although there was no specialized writing to explain Nietzsche's view of science,his understanding and thinking about science were reflected in many works,such as “The birth of tragedy”,“The will to power”,“On the genealogy of morals”,“Antichrist” etc.These works with different themes were completed in different periods of Nietzsche's life,but all showed his profound insights into science.In the era where Nietzsche lived,modern natural science developed rapidly,and changed the human civilization forms and mental states deeply.Encouraged by the development of science and the industrial revolution,modern people lived in a heroic atmosphere filled with optimism,revolution and romanticism.At the same time,humans were increasingly becoming slaves to machines.On the one hand,people enjoyed the rapid development of material,on the other hand,their spiritual space gradually became a value vacuum,nihilism was everywhere in society.Science had increasingly become the center of the stage,and people gradually transferred their religious piety to science,but ignored their own value.Nietzsche had insight into the secrets of the times,and began to embark on a lonely path of critical science.Nietzsche's thoughts on science derived from his deep aversion to Plato-Christian Metaphysics firstly.This kind of metaphysics was essentially "the decadence of vitality",which was the beginning of nihilism.Secondly,it came from a high degree of vigilance against a series of disadvantages presented by the development of modern science.Science destroyed the “God doctrine” as the highest value,but it couldn't provide a new highest value.In Nietzsche's view,although “God” was dead and Christianity was declining,science,as a substitute for religion,took advantage of it and became the new God after God.Science represented the supreme of rationalism and placed too much emphasis on truth and logic.It would cause people to lose themselves,and was a deep suppression of human nature.People should not blindly submit to the values set by times,but think fundamentally and dare to deny and break,so that the power and will could be fully exerted and realized.To this end,Nietzsche began to criticize science from four aspects: scientific motivation,scientific method,scientific rationality,and scientific value.In “The birth of tragedy”,Nietzsche strongly advocated the spirit of Dionysus to liberate humanity.In his view,Art should be used to replace truth,and it was also more important than truth.Nietzsche advocated looking at life from an artistic perspective and science from the perspective of life.And he pioneered his own perspectivism view of science,because of his objections to truth and logic.This was an opposition to anthropocentrism at that time,which considered that everything was relative.There was no eternal truth,and each of us was set to different environment and angle,we saw things different.There was no doubt that Nietzsche's reflection and criticism of science in the midto-late 19 th century strongly promoted people's reflection on modern science,promoted the postmodern turn of science and philosophy,and highlighted the mutual blending of science and art,provided profound theoretical innovation and wisdom accumulation for the discussion of contemporary science and humanities.Although Nietzsche's deep aversion to truth and logic and his negative attitude to the role of science in the value of life need to be examined dialectically,on the whole,he provides people with a completely new way of looking at science,created a precedent for using an artistic perspective to look at science,and especially warned people to actively promote the value of life while developing science.