Research On Social Participation Behaviors And Influencing Factors Of Urban Elderly Groups

With the rapid development of economy and the decline of fertility rate,birth rate as well as death rate,the proportion of elderly population in China is rising.Under the concept of “active aging”,all sectors of the community pay more attention to the needs and abilities of the elderly group to participate in the society activities.According to the data from the fourth sample Survey of the living conditions of the elderly in China's Urban and Rural areas,the social participation of the elderly in our country is constantly increasing currently.However,the social participation rate of the elderly both in recreational activities such as games of chess and cards,reading books and newspapers,and in political activities such as community public affairs,or taking part in voluntary activities are less than 50%.Therefore,an empirical study on the social participation behavior and influencing factors of urban elderly groups is beneficial to improve the actual social participation rate of urban elderly groups and their life satisfaction and quality of life.This study mainly adopts the method of random sampling.In order to to obtain primary data,we conduct a questionnaire survey of 360 old people living in Dadukou District of Chongqing City.First of all,we analyze the social participation behavior of the urban elderly group by descriptive statistics,and then compare the differences of the social participation behavior of the urban elderly group from the three categories of personal characteristics,family status and community status,respectively.Finally,we use the four-classification multiple regression model to conduct the empirical analysis.The results show that:(1)There are many factors that influence the social participation behavior of the urban elderly group.The following factors have a significant impact on the social participation behavior of the urban elderly groups,including age,education,physical condition,psychological condition,average monthly income,middle age personality,present personality,family atmosphere,whether they need to look after your grandchildren or great-grandchildren or not,whether they need to undertake the main housework or not,whether the community infrastructure is perfect and complete or not,and whether the community organize regular activities or not.(2)There are three main problems in the social participation behavior of the urban elderly groups at present.The elderly themselves lack correct understanding and social participation ability.Care for the family wholeheartedly,lack of self-space.The community organizations are poor managed and the infrastructure is inadequate.According to the above conclusions,this paper puts forward the relevant recommendations from the three levels such as individual,family,community:(1)The elderly shall establish correct cognition,and strive to improve the ability to participate the society activities.(2)Give the elderly self-space and encourage them to go out of the family.(3)Strengthen community construction and providing the elderly a platform for social participation.