The Rise And Development Trend Of Emerging Parties In France's 2017 General Election

The presidential election in 2017 has attracted woldwide attention.On the one hand,the two major French ruling parties,the Socialist Party and the Republican Party,did not enter the second round.For the first time,they broke the pattern of the two mainstream political parties in since the establishment of the Fifth Republic.On the other hand,the “En marche” campaign,which was founded only one year ago,defeated the far-right party “National Front” in the second round of general elections and also won a majority in parliamentary elections.Similarly,the “Unbowed France” campaign also achieved good results in the general election.It has won the fourth vote in the president's first round of presidential elections and parliamentary elections.The “Unbowed France" movement also played a major role as the ruling party through a series of activities,playing a pivotal role in the French party structure.The great success of the movement parties led by Macron and Melenchon in French political competition is a phenomenon worthy of attentionThe "En marche" movement and the "unbowed France" movement are different from traditional political parties.They combine social movements with political parties and rely on the power of public participation and movement to actively participate in election campaigns.Both of the party leaders are from the traditional socialist party.They are very charming and good at public speaking.These leaders are also open in party organization,close to the masses,and promote publicity through the Internet and new media.They both think that they go beyond left and right,so they advocated reform,and made anti-establishment proposals.The rise of emerging parties in France is not an accident.Although the constitutional and electoral system of the Fifth Republic tend to form a pattern of left and right divisions,and are conducive to the existence and development for the big party.However,the two major parties have become more and more similar,which leads to their vague positionings,so the demands of some people have been ignored for a long time.Meanwhile,the problem of nepotism and corruption in the long-term rotation of power have caused the traditional big party scandals to occur frequently.When traditional political parties are unable to solve the economic and social problems of France for a long time,the dissatisfaction of the people is growing and they are eager for new changes.Politicians who have separated from traditional political parties observed these changes and set up new political parties.They have a deep understanding of the appeal of the public,and use the network and new technologies to aggregate public opinion and promote it effectively,thus winning the 2017 general election through the movement campaign.The rise of the emerging political parties in France in 2017 broke the traditional French political party structure and accelerated the decline of traditional political parties.The success of movement campaigns will also bring more emulation,which will promote the trend of mutual transformation of French political parties and social movements,that is,the organizational structure of political parties is becoming more and more flat,the participation is accessible to more people,and the behavior orientation is more characterized by topics and the movement.Besides,some social movement groups have entered the political arena as political parties,which will also lead to fragmentation and diversification of the party structure in France.The future development of emerging French parties will also encounter many challenges.Among them,for the ruling party,the governance of one country often requires a higher degree of organization,while the French political system is characterized by big power of the president and a top-down government system.These conflict with the structure and guiding principles of sports parties,so these emerging parties are facing transformation in their ruling or long-term political participation.For emerging political parties that did not win the election and are far from the center of political spectrum,it is difficult for them to win the general election in the current electoral system and social environment.They would become the most active opposition party,launching or participating in opposition movements in negative and irrational images.In short,the French 2017 general election is an important turning point in the political development of French political parties.The rise of the emerging French political parties has changed the existing political party structure and will have a profound impact on French politics.