Research On The Horizontal Transfer Payment System Of Ecological Compensation In River Basin

The watershed ecological compensation horizontal transfer payment system mainly refers to the institutional arrangement for the protection and governance of the watershed through the mutual transfer of financial funds between the local governments at the same level in the watershed,so that the watershed beneficiaries make reasonable returns to the watershed ecological protectors.Achieve internalization of the externality of watershed environmental governance.At present,most of the watershed ecological compensation in China adopts the government-led vertical transfer payment method.This kind of dependence on public resources to maintain a healthy watershed ecological environment has caused greater financial pressure on the government,resulting in efficiency and sustainability in the process of watershed governance Sex is low.The horizontal transfer payment system of river basin ecological compensation can solve the problem of unbalanced cost return for ecological protection upstream and downstream of the river basin,which not only protects the ecological environment quality of the river basin,but also promotes regional economic coordination and sustainable development.Aiming at the problem of the horizontal transfer payment system of ecological compensation in China's watershed,except for the introduction and conclusion,this article has four parts,the main contents are as follows:The first part is the basic theory of watershed ecological compensation horizontal transfer payment.First,the definition and characteristics of the horizontal transfer payment of the ecological compensation in the river basin are defined;secondly,the theoretical support is provided for the paper through the public product theory,externality theory and incentive compatibility theory;finally,the goal of the horizontal transfer payment of the ecological compensation in the river basin is to achieve In order to maintain the ecological security of the river basin,co-construction and sharing of river basin ecology,and promote the coordinated development between regions.The second part is the evaluation and analysis of the current status of the horizontal transfer payment of ecological compensation in the river basin.First,a review of China's current laws and regulations,including national and local levels.Secondly,from the perspective of practice,through analyzing the first case of cross-basin horizontal ecological compensation in China-the case of ecological compensation in the Xin'an River basin,this article provides some useful experience for this paper.Finally,the dilemma facing China's river basin ecological compensation horizontal transfer payment system is analyzed,mainly due to the lagging and lack of legal system,the ambiguity of the legal effect in the ecological compensation agreement,the ambiguity of the parties to the conclusion of the contract,and the lack of sustainability of the agreement.The lack of standardized compensation procedure constraints and the lack of related supporting mechanisms have made it difficult to secure the horizontal transfer payment system for ecological compensation in river basins during the pilot implementation process.The third part is to put forward suggestions on the horizontal transfer payment system of ecological compensation in China's river basin.Based on the analysis of the practice of horizontal ecological compensation and horizontal transfer payments in China's watersheds,drawing on Germany's experience in watershed ecological compensation,it is proposed to establish clear financial rights and responsibilities,and legal regulatory procedures.Combined with China's current national conditions,it proposes the enlightenment for the horizontal transfer payment of ecological compensation in China's river basin,realizes the legalization of the horizontal transfer payment system,clarifies the division of responsibilities and the ownership of financial rights,and regulates the procedures for the horizontal transfer payment of ecological compensation.The fourth part proposes that the improvement of China's river basin ecological compensation horizontal transfer payment system mainly includes: clarifying the legal status of river basin ecological compensation agreements,implementing legal responsibilities between regional governments,forming a comprehensive long-term development mechanism,and rationalizing legal procedures.This includes improving legislation,application procedures,decision-making procedures,appropriation procedures,and accountability procedures for horizontal transfer payments for ecological compensation in river basins,while establishing related supporting mechanisms,improving coordination mechanisms,incentive mechanisms,and monitoring mechanisms.