On Legal System Of China Ecological Compensation In Inter-basin Water Transfers

Inter-basin water transfer is an important means of water resources development. China's water resources are poor, and uneven temporal and spatial distribution. So, in the 21st century, inter-basin water transfer will be a major feature of China's water conservation. As the water's great value of the ecological and environmental services has not been taken seriously, and the market failure caused by ecological benefits of economic externalities and public goods properties of water, there is an unfair distribution of benefits in Inter-basin water transfer. Because of the availability of additional water resources, Water Input Area becomes more affluent. However, Water Output Area, which pays a lot to protect the environment, becomes much poorer, because there is no compensation. It requires some way to resolve. Scholars generally agreed that eco-compensation is a good way.At present, the conclusions of watershed eco-compensation can also be applied to the area of inter-basin water transfer eco-compensation, such as compensation standards, compensation methods, etc. But, ecological compensation of Inter-basin water transfer has its own characteristics. First, because that inter-basin water transfer involves a number of watersheds and costs a lot, national investment is necessary. So the national government must also compensate for the Water Output Area. Second, because the ecological benefits involved in a number of water basins, so it needs to establish an inter-basin management organizations. Simultaneously, watershed management institutions should be compensated units too. Third, there are a lot of scientific data about inter-basin water transfer. So, in order to ensure scientific and rational of eco-compensation in inter-basin water transfer, these data must be the basis for developing a standard of compensation.Although the inter-basin water transfer of ecological compensation has been very necessary, but China has not yet the specific legal requirements about it. Considering that, laws about watershed eco-compensation also need to establish, laws about the ecological compensation of inter-basin water transfer can be a part of it.I hope that, through the development of the legal system about the ecological compensation in inter-basin water transfer, the problem of unfair distribution of ecological benefits in inter-basin water transfer can be solved. And the community can be more harmony and stability.