Where Is The Future: The Influence Of Body Movement Patterns On The Time Axis And Its Mechanism

When it comes to time,it is difficult for people to express this abstract non-entity in a specific language,which is usually described by means of time and space metaphor.Clark(1973)firstly proposed the metaphor of "ego-moving" and "time-moving",but he didn't really explain(1)What is the orientation of the ego in the two metaphors?(2)Is the ego facing the past or the future?(3)Which direction is the future? The study of the psychological reality of the metaphor of time and space often depends on the psychological time line which is represented in three directions(left-right,front-back,up-down).Previous studies have shown that there is a psychological time line from left to right,representing the past to the future,or a psychological time line that represents the future to the past.The psychological time line in the left and right direction is affected by the reading direction and the writing order,and it can be weakened or even reversed by reverse training.However,it has not been further studied whether the direction of front-back time line can be reversed or not.Researchers put forward front-back time line is affected by human walking experience,so if different ways of physical exercise(walking experience)can effect differently on the activation of "ego-moving" metaphor? Can different body movements(walking experiences)affect the spatial representation of time? And it lead to different direction of the time axis?In order to solve the above problems,five experiments were designed by us.Experiment 1 adopts the "ego" and "time" two start schema,and set the ambiguity problem of meeting to verify that the space around before and after can start the "ego-moving" and " time-moving" metaphor,and metaphor selection consistents with startup mode.Experiment 2 takes one of the metaphor for the " ego-moving" the characters in the pattern movement,setting the ambiguity problem meeting,and finds the different ways of movement(forward/backward)affect the activation of "ego-moving" metaphor as the same,but differs in activation methods.Experiment 3 adopts the video recording of human movement for the stimulus,fixing the timeline,with fuzzy meeting for experimental problems,finding that watching the different movement(forward/ backward)brought the timeline to the routined or reversed.When observing individual progress,participants are said more future point in time,fornt-back time line in the direction towards characterization for positive,when observing individual back,participants in choosing said no significant difference in the past or the future point in time,but this time axis to the characterization of the backward,left-right mental time line does not exist the phenomenon.Experiment 4 sets no orientation ball(backward/ forward vs right/ left)moving video,with fuzzy meeting for the experiment,and the results showed that no significant move toward the ball does not cause psychological time line direction and the direction before and after the direction of change.Experiment 5 adopts real subjects(forward/backward vs left/right),fuzzy meeting question,the results showed that the participants after the real movement of forward and backward,the subjects for the future or the past point in time associated with exercise,and fornt-back time line in the direction toward the forward and inversion,but left-right timeline does not change accordingly.Compared the results of experiment 3 with 5,which finding that observation and real movement in the participants on front-back direction of mental time make a changed choice of fuzzy problems in point of time and no orientation time line is same.Above results show that in self-centered " ego-moving" metaphor system different ways of self movement(forward/ backward)not only affects space representation of the past or the future time,but also influence the direction front-back mental time line.To be specific,subjects more likely choice the future point in time(the larger number of weeks),the direction of front-back time lines represent a positive time axis(the fornt represents the future,the back represents the past);and the participants in the choice indicates no significant difference in past or future point in time,and the direction of front-back time line represent a reverse time axis(the fornt represents the past the back represents the future).The forward and reverse direction of front-back time line,and the left-right time line direction is not affected by the physical movement mode,and is more influenced by reading direction and writing order.