Research On Psychological Benefits And Best Time Of Physical Activity In Adolescent

With the changes of health concept, and the pursuit of health, people are studying deeply on the function of physical exercises. This study reviews 30 years' researches since reform and opening up in China on psychological benefits of physical activity, and sorts and summarizes the deficiencies and limitations of studies in the field, finding that domestic researches in the field exist shortages as the following:lacking of research methods, adopting mostly foreign test tables to test negative aspects of mental health, the content of studies is not enough diversity. Based on this, this study combines with foreign related researches which focus on physiological index test about psychological benefits, and uses various methods such as questionnaire, psychological measurement, experimentation and mathematical statistics, discusses influencing factors on psychological benefits of physical activity in adolescent, constructs evaluation system of psychological benefits and studies the best time of psychological benefits of physical exercise.Based on the research of influencing factors of psychological benefits of physical activity among young people, this study developes questionnaire measurements of the psychological benefits of physical activity in adolescent. This study uses item analysis and factor analysis to study the structure of psychological benefits of exercise, explores and intergrates the connotation and extension of psychological benefits, builds evaluation system of psychological benefits of physical exercise, including pleasure experience, emotional state, interpersonal perception and physical value four dimensions. A scale on the psychological benefits of physical activity is made on this basis. The scale has good construct validity and content validity, with internal consistency reliability to 0.953. It can make accurate measurements of good psychological benefits brought by exercise.In the study of the best time of psychological benefits of physical activity in young people, this research attains the heart rate, heart rate variability and other physiological indicators of the testees at various time periods between the end of test exercise to restoring calm state, at the same time uses 'Psychological Benefits Scale of Physical Activity in Adolescent' and 'Self-perception Scale of Physical Power' to test the subjective feelings of testees after exercise. As a result, after a moderate-intensity aerobic exercise, young people's pleasure experience, emotional state, interpersonal perception and physical value increase significantly, psychological benefits of physical activity of male are better than those of female, moreover there is no significant difference in age; self-perception of physical power significantly relates with psychological benefits of exercise; self-perception of physical power at different time periods does not relate with psychological benefits of exercise, but between 4 minutes after exercise to restoring calm state, the testees' autonomic nervous system show the coordination state.To sum up, there are following conclusions:(1)the assessment system of psychological benefits of physical activity in adolescent includes pleasure experience, emotional state, interpersonal perception and physical value four dimensions; (2)the scale of psychological benefits of physical activity in adolescent made in this study has good reliability and validity; (3)one-time moderate-intensity aerobic exercise can improve young people's positive feelings of exercise, and there are gender differences but no age differences in self-feelings of psychological benefits of exercise; (4) self-perception of physical power is an important mediator variable impacting psychological benefits of physical exercise; (5)psychological benefits of physical activity are most obvious during 4 minutes after the end of the exercise to restoring the resting state.