The Influence Of Social Value Orientation, Feedback And Emotions On Pro-environmental Cooperative Behavior In Social Dilemmas

Social dilemma,is a problem of how to coordinate the relationship between individual interests and collective interests when resources are limited.It is of great significance to study social dilemma for solving environmental problems we are facing in real life.In daily life,there are often two types of dilemmas:"take-some" dilemma and "give-some" dilemma.Improving pro-environmental cooperation is an important way to solve these two dilemmas.Pro-environmental cooperation mainly includes two aspects:(1)when occupying resources,one can consider more about the interests of others and the environment,rather than maximize his/her own interests.(2)when environmental problems occur or public resources need to be donated,individuals can give up their own interests,do not free-ride,and contribute more to protect the environment for the benefit of others and the environment.Previous studies have shown that social value orientation and feedback have an impact on cooperative behaviors in the "taking" or "giving" dilemma respectively,but few studies have studied the impact of the two on individuals in the dual dilemma of "taking" and "giving".Responsibility and emotional factors are often neglected in the study of social value orientation and feedback.Therefore,this study aims to explore the influencing factors of the dual dilemma of "taking" and "giving" and how to improve the pro-environmental cooperative behavior of individuals,so as to provide a basis for solving the existing environmental protection problems in reality.To achieve the above purpose,this study based on the realistic problems,using an experiment with ecological situation of water resources allocation task in the laboratory.We used questionnaire to select 93 college students of different types of social value orientation(47 pro-socials)for the experiment.Participants needed to decide how many incomes(which they earned in water common dilemma)they want to invest in environmental restoration when receiving the feedback of environmental damage telling them they had overused the water resource.Overall,We investigated the impact of social value orientation on the various stages of "taking"-"giving"dilemma,as well as the differences between individuals in a strong position and weak position in environmental restoration,and the impact of feedback from peers on environmental restoration,and the role of emotions and responsibility.The study came to the following conclusions:(1)Social value orientation of individual has different impacts on "take-some"dilemma and "give-some" dilemma:(a)results of uncertainty in the environment of water resources allocation of public resources,there is no difference between individuals with different social value orientation in their cooperative behaviors,their behavior is more affected by the environmental damage value they expected,in this case individuals will tend to make decisions based on their own expectations.(b).Social value orientation has a significant positive prediction effect on their pro-environmental cooperative behaviors in environmental restoration tasks.In environmental restoration tasks with the characteristics of public goods dilemma,cooperative individuals have higher pro-environmental cooperative behaviors than non-cooperative individuals.(2)When receiving the feedback that one of their partners has a high level of cooperation behavior,the pro-environment cooperation of the individual in the environmental restoration task is relatively higher.(3)The possession of public resources can positively predict the pro-environmental cooperative behavior in environmental restoration task.Individuals with higher public resources contribute more to environmental restoration after feedback of environmental damage.(4)Pride significantly negatively predicts pro-environment cooperation behavior in environmental restoration.In the end,combined with practical problems,this study discussed the role of environmental knowledge,model demonstration,responsibility and moral emotion education in the maintenance of public resources in real life,and provided some enlightenment for the influencing factors and solutions of water resources dilemma.further research in the future were also discussed.