Research On The History Of Physical Discipline Of Primary School Students In The Republic Of China (1912-1937)

Modern China is an important period of social transformation.From the perspective of body history,this paper examines the process of pupils'physical discipline from 1912 to 1937,interprets the relationship between body and social change,and focuses on the physical discipline of pupils in etiquette education,classroom teaching and health education.The article is divided into three chapters.Below is a brief description:The first chapter describes the process of idealization and civilized body discipline in etiquette education.The etiquette education requires the combination of internal concept and external behavior to show the effectiveness of etiquette education.According to the order of time,this paper narrates the different shaping of pupils'bodies from the early years of the Republic of China,the period of Beiyang Government and the period of Nanjing National Government.The relationship between the cultivation of pupils' bodies in the early years of the Republic of China and the traditional etiquette education has been inherited and developed.The national bodies in the period of Beiyang Government were put forward in response to the split situation at that time,taking Lidanhua Primary School in Shanghai as an example.Representatives study the development of pupils'bodies towards nationalization in this period.The difference between citizens and citizens is whether there is a unified government support.The nurturing body in Nanjing National Government period is the body of Party and government training,which achieves the pupils' body-nurturing discipline through Ideological Party education and behavioral citizenship training.The second chapter elaborates the physical discipline in classroom teaching,through the time and space limitations,sensory and physical limitations of pupils'bodies,to cultivate pupils' awareness of rules in classroom.Pupils'space-time positioning is explained from the two aspects of timetable and lateness,absenteeism and seats and classroom walls.The timetable means that pupils must attend classes in the classroom within the prescribed time.Seats mean space positioning for pupils.At the same time,we should make full use of the subtle influence of classroom wall space culture.In addition,the sensory and posture of active pupils in the classroom are not honest.In order to facilitate the management and implementation of the effect of listening,it is necessary to restrict the sensory and posture of pupils.The third chapter discusses the body discipline in health education.Compared with traditional health education,health education is presented in a dynamic way.The logic of why,how and how to do is used in the discussion.Firstly,it is necessary to carry out physical health education because of the stigma of the body.The stigma of the body is manifested as unsanitary and "sick man of East Asia",and there are many health and health problems among pupils.Secondly,in order to enhance the physique,physical education and hygiene are set up in primary schools.The setting,detailed requirements and implementation of physical health discipline provide the possibility of physical discipline.The necessity and implementation of health education were analyzed,and the nationalization characteristics of body discipline were summarized.This paper combs and elaborates the physical discipline of pupils in the Republic of China in different ways such as historical logic and case study,which has certain theoretical and practical significance.