Based On The Bruce Exercise Program Of The Treadmill, Explore The Influence Of Lack Of Sleep On Fatigue-related Bioelectrical Signals

Objects:With the development of the society,the increasingly severe social environment has made people lack of sleep time,increase sleep disorders,and decrease sleep quality on a large scale.The impact of sleep problems on society is enormous.Athletes’ sleep problems are widespread but have not received much attention and researches.Insufficient sleep poses a potential health hazard to the human body.For athletes,lack of sleep also affects their physical function and athletic ability.In this study,the Bruce program was used as a motion model to explore the changes of bioelectrical signal,recovery characteristics and physiological indicators before and after athletes’ exercise induced fatigue under different sleep conditions.The aim of this study is to clarify the potential impact of insufficient sleep on the exercise induced fatigue;provide a reference of bioelectrical signals for the determination of exercise induced fatigue;explore the relationship between sleep deprivation and exercise induced fatigue;and provide a theoretical basis for further exploration of the mechanism of exercise induced fatigue.Method:In this study,the experimental subjects were 19 male students(18-20 years old)from the physical education major.According to the recommendations of-the American Sleep Foundation(2015)on sleep time of different age groups,three sleep modes were established:sufficient sleep(6h≤sleep time≤11h))(T1),insufficient sleep(4h<sleep time<6h)(T2),severe insufficient sleep(sleep time≤4h)(T3),and real-time monitoring of sleep using a body function tester(Firstbeat,Bodyguard 2 mode,Finland);Using the Bruce protocol in the sports treadmill,the subjects were subjected to exhaustive exercise after three sleep periods of T1,T2 and T3 respectively.The fatigue-related physiological indicators and fatigue-related bioelectrical signal indicators such as ECG,EEG and EMG were collected before,during and after exercise.The collection methods for these indicators are as follows.Fatigue-related physiological index detection:Connect the MAX-II gas analyzer at the same time during exercise,collect ventilation,oxygen uptake,respiratory rate,respiratory quotient,etc.,and record relevant exercise speed and exercise time;collect urine before and after exercise and next day.The samples were subjected to urine routine analysis;the flash fusion frequency and the reaction time of the subjects were collected using a flash fusion tester and a reaction time tester;in addition,during the exercise,subjective fatigue scale(RPE)was evaluated and scores were recorded.Fatigue-related bioelectrical signal detection:using EEG detector(Neuro Scan 32),behavioral recording software(e-prime),and EEG signal recording and data analysis software(Curry8),before and after exercise and the recovery period to collect Event-related potential(ERPs)signals;use of a physical function tester to detect time-domain indicators of heart rate variability(HRV)during experimental subjects:RR interval standard deviation(SDNN)and adjacent RR interval differences Square root(RMSSD);frequency domain indicator:mean value of low frequency output power(LF)and mean value of high frequency output power(HF);use of surface electromyography(YW-EMG-004)to detect skeletal muscle surface electromyography during exercise such as time domain indicators of the signal:root mean square(RMS),integral myoelectric value(IEMG)and frequency domain indicator mean power frequency(MDF),median frequency(MPF).Results:Fatigue-related physiological indicators:Compared with the T1 sleep mode,when the subjects underwent the Bruce protocol after T3 sleep mode,the time to reach the peak of oxygen uptake was significantly advanced(p<0.05);at the same time,the T3 sleep mode of the subjects compared with the T1 sleep mode,the response time after exercise was significantly lower(p<0.05);in the urine protein and urobilinogen test results,compared with pre-exercise,the subjects after the three sleep modes,post-exercise urine Protein and urinary biliary content increased significantly(p<0.01 or p<0.05),and the results of morning urine test showed that both urinary protein and urobilinogen in T3 sleep mode did not return to pre-exercise levels.Results of fatigue-related bioelectrical signal detection:Heart rate:compared with the heart rate before exercise,there was a significant increase in heart rate(p<0.01)at 0-10min after exercise of three groups,and there was a significant increase of heart rate after 30min recovery in T3 group than that of pre-exercise(p<0.05).The heart rate of the T3 group was significantly increased at 5 min,10min,and 30min after exercise compare with T1(p<0.05),and significantly increased at 5min after exercise in the T2 group(p<0.05).HRV index:Within 24 hours,the RMSSD of T3 decreased significantly compared with the T1 group(p<0.05);the HF of T2 decreased significantly compared with the T1 group(p<0.05)and the T3 group showed a significant decrease compared with the T1 group(p<0.001).Before and after exercise:the three groups of RMSSD decreased significantly after exercise compared with that before exercise(p<0.001);as for the SDNN index,the T1 and T2 groups decreased significantly 5-10min after exercise than that before the exercise(p<0.05),and there was a significant decrease on T1 imediately after exercise than that before excercise(p<0.05).there was no significant difference on T3 group before and after the exercise.There was a significant decrease in the LF and HF before and after 0-5/5-10min(p<0.001);5-10 min after exercise,the HF of the T3 group decreased significantly compared with the T1 group(p<0.001);the LF/HF ratio increased with the decrease of sleep time at 24h and before and after exercise.P300 index:The latency of FZ,CZ and PZ in the three groups showed a longer latency after exercise and a shorter amplitude.After 6 hours of recovery,the latency became shorter and the amplitude became longer.The amplitude of the FZ locus before exercise was significantly decreased after exercise(p<0.05),and the latency was significantly increased(p<0.05).After exercise,the T3 group was significantly higher than the T1 group,the FZ latency was significantly increased,the CZ amplitude was significantly decreased,and the PZ amplitude was significantly decreased(p<0.05).EMG signal:Time domain index IEMG,RMS increased with the level of exercise load,the difference between each group was the lowest in T1 group and the highest in T3 group.The frequency domain indicators MDF and MPF become higher with the level of exercise load,and the difference between each level group is obvious,the T1 group is the highest,and the T3 group is the lowest.Conclusion:The effect of insufficient sleep on the ability of aerobic endurance exercise is obvious.The degree of lack of sleep deepens the body’s response to exercise load,and the accumulation of exercise fatigue is heavier.ECG signal:Cardiac function shows a sympathetic predominance regulation under exercise load.Insufficient sleep is to deepen exercise induced fatigue,which is the cause of the imbalance of the heart’s function,the sympathetic nerves’s enhancement function,and the repressive effect of the parasympathetic nerves on heart protection.EEG signals:the accomplish of exercise induced fatigue results the promotion of mental fatigue,which can reduce the efficiency of the brain center for information processing,affect the distribution of attention,and affect the response of the nervous system to target stimulation.Insufficient sleep can exacerbate those effects.EMG signal:The exercise load increases during one-time exhaustive exercise and the frequency domain index decreases.Insufficient sleep will increase the total muscle discharge under the same load condition and the average value per unit time.The average power frequency and median frequency will decrease,and the muscle discharge efficiency will decrease with the increasing load as well.