Exploring The Path Of Cultivating Students' Moral Rationality In School Moral Education

With the change of society,politics,culture and the development of economy,the content of moral education is more and more diverse.Therefore,it puts forward higher requirements for moral education in schools.Students' understanding,judgment,choice,and evaluation of moral situations are inseparable from the study of moral issues and the participation of moral rationality.The development of moral rationality is both a historical requirement and a reality.Chinese traditional culture is based on blood relationship;however,the rational connotation tends to be obtained by emotional experience and customary inheritance.Emotional rationality is the mainstream of ethical development,but "rationality" is not obtained through individual analysis and cognition.Today,the impact of pluralistic values and cultural diversity,make the thinking malleable students feel at a loss.How students judge the rationality of moral situations and how to produce reasonable moral behaviors requires the participation of moral rationality.Moral rationality is both a thinking ability and a practical ability.It can promote the formation of students' rational moral quality from both cognition and behavior then make students to rationally analyze,judge and study in cognition;choose and practice in behavior.Practical results of moral rationality eventually become inner ethical and moral principles identity,which lead to achieve the unity of cognition and behavior.Moral rationality is the need of students' growth and the key to the improvement of students' moral standards.However,in recent years,school moral education has been in trouble.The emphasis on the teaching of moral knowledge and the neglect of moral rationality have finally led to the impediment of students' moral level improvement.The cultivation of students' moral rationality is imminent.Through the trace ability of the concept of moral rationality and the analysis of moral rational structure,we can know that moral rationality runs through the thinking process of moral rationality,including cognition,selection,judgment and evaluation.From the structure of moral rationality,it is not difficult to find that the cultivation of moral rationality should be carried out around moral understanding,moral choice,moral judgment and moral evaluation.The feasibility and predicament of cultivating moral rationality in schools points out that "research" is the core of moral rational development,morality itself contains the components of research,and research is also one of the important attributes of moral rationality.Moral subject independently selected and determined moral context from nature,society and life to research,and actively carry out moral judgment and moral choice in the course of the study,which is the entry point for the cultivation of moral reason.In the process of research study,students can truly produce independent value judgments on moral issues,return to the demands of value,and promote the development of moral rationality.As the unity of thinking and behavior way-research study,it is a well-developed research-focused carrier of moral rationality.In view of this,a new path to cultivate moral rationality through research study is proposed.From the target level,the content level,the process level,the method level,the subject level,and the evaluation level,the internal factors of the implementation of research learning are conceived,in order to make the moral behavior pay more attention to the development of moral rationality from the target level;pay more attention to reality and life from the content level,pay more attention to the thinking movement from the process level,pay more attention to active inquiry and thinking from the method level,pay more attention to the student's subjectivity from the subject level,pay attention to the process generation from the evaluation level.For the outer factors,the roles of teachers' guiding,schools' management,and social support are also indispensable factors in ensuring the research-based study plays an important role in cultivating moral rationality.