Research On The Development Path Of Teacher Leadership In American Primary And Secondary Schools

Teacher leadership originated in the 1980 s.As an important tool to promote teacher professional development and teacher education reform,teacher leadership is received more and more attention.Recently,China is at an important period to comprehensively deepen the reform of teaching staff.Two policies that “Opinions on Comprehensively Deepening the Reform of Teaching Staff Construction in the New Era” and “The Action Plan for the Revitalization of Teacher Education(2018-2022)”all explain the significance of training teacher leader and play the role of teacher leadership.Despite some progress in the development of teacher leadership in China,the path of teacher leadership development still needs to be further enriched.Some western countries' such as America and England have gained experience in teacher leadership development.As a result,teacher leadership development paths in America especially in Iowa could provide inspiration for expanding the development path of teacher leadership in China.The research is divided into four parts.The first part of the research introduces the history and current situation about American teacher leadership.The second part mainly introduces the background of teacher leadership development in Iowa,including policy background and educational background.The third part introduces Iowa teacher leadership development path.The teacher leadership development paths are divided into five types.Firstly,establishing teacher leadership role.Secondly,improving teachers' professional knowledge and ability.Thirdly,developing teacher leadership through teacher professional learning community.Fourthly,providing good platform for teacher leadership cultivation in the university.Fifthly,providing guarantee for teacher leadership.The fourth part of the research introduces the experience of Iowa teacher leadership development and inspiration to China.The development path of Iowa teacher leadership shows the following experience: Firstly,teacher leadership awareness and ability is the internal power for the development of teacher leadership;Secondly,attaching importance to teacher professional development is an important goal of teacher leadership development.Thirdly,policy guarantees and financial support are supportive power for teacher leadership development.At the same time,according to the experiences of teacher leadership development paths in Iowa,the research summarizes the inspiration: Firstly,creating an environment to the development of teacher leadership.Secondly,guiding teachersto develop good teacher leadership awareness and competency.Thirdly,attaching importance to the teacher professional learning community in promote teacher leadership developing.In the last,providing external guarantee for teacher leadership development.