| In recent years,the growth rate of the world population is generally slowing down,and the birth rate of China has been dropping continuously.According to the population data released by the State Council Information Office,the total population of mainland China was about 139,500 by the end of 2018,an increase of 5.3 million compared with the end of 2017,and the birth rate was only 10.94‰.Fertility is the driving force for population reproduction and the development of human society from generation to generation.The decline in the growth rate of the total population is bound to put pressure on China’s future economic and social development.In order to encourage the birth of children,the state has successively introduced the policy of "only two children" and "universal two children" within two years,but the effect of the policy is not as expected.Since China’s fertility rate has been at replacement level for a long time in the 1990 s,the research and debate on fertility policy has never stopped.At present,most studies on the effect of fertility policy on people’s fertility desire and its influencing factors start from areas,education level,economic basis,raising costs,public infrastructure services and other aspects,and there are few studies on the fertility desire and influencing factors of specific female groups with different positions and different working nature.The author in the marxist principle,cost utility theory,childbearing willing choice theory and the welfare pluralism theory,under the support of through combing the literature at home and abroad,combined with their own daily life experience and observation,from individual basic information,the actual examination and family structure characteristics and so on three dimensions,this paper formulated the questionnaire and interview outline,altogether to Z city state-owned units to female worker to issue 630 questionnaires,621 valid questionnaires.The data were compared and analyzed by SPSS software,and it was concluded that the factors influencing women’s fertility intention included birth and rearing cost,age,family support,external conditions,career planning and other factors.According to the theory of welfare diversification,policy optimization Suggestions are put forward from government,unit,family,female individual and society.The female population in state-owned enterprises is a special product of China’s national conditions.During the family planning period,female employees in state-owned enterprises were subject to strict family planning control.Two child policy let go after comprehensive state-owned enterprises as a system,in which the work of women became the policy object worthy of attention in a group,after the people’s reproductive options to further expand,we are trying to,willingness of this group to breed selection and related influence factors analysis,look for the female fertility problems in state-owned enterprises uphold the idea,as well as by the demand to predict the future population trends,and put forward policy optimization Suggestions for policy makers. |
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