The Spatial Differentiation And Formation Mechanism Of Urban Household Registration Poverty In Nanjing In The New Era

It's a special social-economic phenomenon that urban poverty has existed universally in the process of urban development for a long time.China has gone through a period of economic transformation,and therefore derived the phenomenon of new urban poverty.Afterwards,China has exposed to the rapid urbanization of population and land since the inception of the new century,which has led the phenomenon of new urban poverty to take on new characteristics.So,it is of realistic significance that discusses the poverty problems of Chinese large cities in the new period.A study case of Nanjing metropolitan area and adopting the statistical data subsistence allowance for urban and rural residents,this paper mainly analyzes and discusses the spatial differentiation characteristics of urban register poor base on sub-district level and community level in new period by methods of kernel density estimation,Pearson correlation coefficient,spatial autocorrelation analysis and hierarchical linear model.The results of sub-district level are obtained as follows.(1)The spatial distribution of urban poor has presented the pattern of dispersion globally and concentration locally,which follows evidently the spatial pattern of transitional period namely 2000 or so.Along with totally continuing decline of urban poor,the difference of urban poor scale between sub-districts has significantly reduced.(2)The spatial agglomeration of urban poor has presented the structure of core-periphery,which the core namely hotspot area almost located in inner city zone and main city zone also namely within Nanjing belt highway.But some having major urban poor sub-districts which mainly located outside Nanjing belt highway and closed to central city,have not expressed agglomeration characteristics.(3)Whether the composition of urban poor or the governance-oriented of urban poverty space has took place significant changes in new period.The underage poverty groups,unemployed poverty groups,employable but not yet formally employed poverty groups and released poverty groups should be critical focus of urban poverty space governance,especially play more attention to the released poverty groups and their employment issues.On this basis,the study period of this paper has extended to the year 2000 by draw lessons from previously relevant research results,and then integrated the evolution process of spatial pattern of urban registered poor in Nanjing since the inception of the new century.It is mainly summarized geographical attribution and spatial characteristics of three poverty-stricken areal types which is including concealed poverty-stricken residential area,resettled poverty-stricken residential area and mixed poverty-stricken residential area.The results of community level are obtained as follows.(1)The spatial patterns of urban poverty are consistent between sub-district level and community level,but it can capture more effective information base on community level.The communities in urban development area and suburb remote area with large numbers of urban poor have always built with numerous security housings.It is verified that security housings is main residential area for urban poor.Some communities which located outside Nanjing belt highway and closed to central city have expressed agglomeration characteristics.It is verified that spatial scale affects the recognition of agglomeration characteristics.(2)The spatial agglomeration of attribute indexes has existed Modifiable Areal Unit Problem(MAUP)between sub-district level and community level.Majority attribute indexes of social status categories and labor capacity categories have only shown up agglomeration at the community level but are irrelevant.(3)The core elements of driving occurrence of poverty agglomeration for the released poverty groups should be attributed more to its intrinsic property while the state of unemployment just may be the external representation of them.(4)To a certain degree extent,community variation is homogeneous with sub-district variation.But,community variation explained the total variation much more strongly than sub-district variation.On this basis,this paper has proceeded in-depth analysis of the formation mechanism of spatial pattern of urban registered poor in Nanjing by sorting up urban development policies and urban demolition policies.It can be mainly summarized as the results of the interweaving among three dominant factors of market mechanism,government function and social behavior.And,its specific performance includes continuation of poverty space,reconstruction of poverty space and transformation of poverty space.