The Research On The Influence Of Basic Education Expenditure On Rural Poverty

Poverty is a common problem faced by human development,particularly in developing countries.As the world's most populous developing country,Chinese government made many poverty relief policies to help the poor.The impoverished population is shrinking substantially and the impoverishment rate is decreasing sharply.According to the absolute poverty line by 2300,there are still 55,750,000 poor in rural areas,it's about a population size of a medium country.From this knowable,China's poverty population scale should not be ignored,the work out of poverty in rural China is still a long way to go.There are three reasons for this: First,China's current poverty line is much lower than the international standard,according to the international standards,there will be more than one hundred million people or over in China;Secondly,in recent years,China has entered the new economic norm,economic growth slowed,so by the rapid economic development brought by the poor effect gradually weakened;Finally,the majority of China's poverty-stricken areas are geographically remote areas,residents overall level of human capital is low,and so on to the serious thinking,lack of initiative to reduce poverty consciousness.We need to pay more attention to the poverty.Amartya Sen,a famous economist,points out that the main feature of the poor is that the human capital is low,and the lack of ability leads them to get rid of poverty.But Chinese also has a proverb called: education comes first.Education is the most fundamental means of poverty alleviation,through education poverty alleviation can improve the overall quality of the poor,effectively reduce the intergenerational transmission of poverty.But our country is in the stage of developing countries for a long time.Compared with the higher education,the basic education has a greater contribution to the society,and the poverty population can be affected more widely.Therefore,it is necessary for us to study the impact of financial expenditure on rural poverty.Based on the theory of human capital,the theory of public goods and the theory of poverty,this paper makes a study on the influence of the expenditure on rural poverty from the perspective of theory and practice.The main contents of this paper are as follows:Firstly,from the basic concept of research involves starting,it defines the connotation of poverty and the fiscal expenditure in basic education,based on the human capital theory and public product theory,it explains the nature of the product of the fiscal expenditure in basic education.Next,from the perspective of the impact of fiscal expenditure on income distribution and economic growth explains the internal mechanism of the impact of fiscal expenditure on rural poverty.Secondly,on the one hand,this paper analyzes the current situation of rural poverty in China from the perspective of the characteristics of poverty groups and the composition of rural poverty groups: the scale of China's rural poor groups is still large,the situation is still not optimistic.On the other hand,this paper describes the current situation of China's fiscal expenditure on basic education in rural areas,and explores the root causes of weak rural basic education expenditure.Thirdly,in order to verify the effect of fiscal expenditure on rural poverty reduction,this paper uses the data of eleven provinces from 2005 to 2014.The results show that in China as a whole,increasing the fiscal expenditure in basic education investment has a positive and significant impact on rural poverty reduction rate,closed the distance of income gap between the poor and the poverty line.From the regional perspective,it is the most obvious effect to reduce poverty in rural areas of the eastern part of china,western comes second,middle part behind.Finally,on the basis of theoretical and empirical research,this paper proposed the establishment of "mid-concentration of power" as the core of education sharing mechanism,optimizing of three level education expenditure structure,improving the existing education funds auditing system and a series of policy recommendations.