Historical Changes And Development Countermeasures Of Urban Traffic In Hangzhou(1949-2016)

Urban traffic is closely related to urban development.Hangzhou traffic is known to be developed in the Southern Song Dynasty,as the country has become a traffic hub,but also the country's largest commercial city;in the early Republic of China,to start construction,accelerate the development of traffic construction,but was severely damaged in the period of Anti Japanese War and the civil war;after the establishment of People's Republic of China,Hangzhou started the modern transportation.However,the problem of traffic congestion is becoming more and more serious in recent Hangzhou.This paper attempts to start from the Hangzhou traffic and transportation policy history,traces the history of Hangzhou transportation development since 1949;to draw lessons from the domestic and international experience,tries to provide reference and suggestions for the current traffic planning.The structure is divided into four parts.The first part mainly introduces the research background and research methods;the second part is to explain the related concept of urban traffic;the third part is analysis on the stage of Hangzhou urban transportation development since 1949,selecting 5 indicators which are the per capita public transport passenger volume,per capita ownership of taxi,vehicles,private vehicles and non-motor vehicles.Through the normalization of the indicators reflect the change tendency of the index,so as to do on stage division of urban traffic development in Hangzhou;combining with the local literature and statistical data,to analyse the various historical stages of traffic and transportation policy.The fourth part is the suggestions for the current traffic planning.Hangzhou urban transportation development can be roughly divided into five stages since 1949.The public transport started and non-motor traffic leading stage(1949-1977);the rapid development of public transport and non-motor transport stage(1978-1985);the rapid development of taxi and early motorization stage(1986-2000);the motorization leading stage(2001-2011);and the green travel stage(2012-2016).Throughout its development policy,since 1978,the construction of public transportation on the upgrade;soon after,as the rapid development of private vehicles,to strengthen transportation demand management.In the future,Hangzhou will focus on the aspects of "priority of public transport","demand management","green travel","intelligent transportation" and the "PPP mode" development.