A Comparative Study On The Composition And Efficiency Of Innovation Systems In China And The United States

Science and technology are the weapon of the country and it is an important force for the development of a nation.In recent years,China's economic development has entered a new normal.Only through making full use of this weapon and insisting on the implementation of an innovation-driven development strategy can we solve the deep-rooted contradictions in economic development so that our economy can be more efficient,more quality and more equitable and sustainable development.The report of the 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out that innovation is the primary motivation for development and a strategic support for building a modern economic system,and China's scientific and technological strength will jump to the top of the innovative country by 2035.To achieve this goal requires a mature national innovation system as the basis.The American innovation ability is the best in the world,and there are many advantages in its innovation system,our country should make full use of it.Based on the comparative analysis of the composition and efficiency of the national innovation system between China and America,this paper finds out the shortcomings of China's national innovation system,and enriches the research on the theory and practice of the national innovation system.First of all,this paper introduces the background and significance of the selected topics,research status at home and abroad,research methods,innovations and shortcomings.The second part is the constituent elements of the national innovation system and its functional division.In this paper,the national innovation system is divided into four elements,namely,the government,enterprises,universities and science and technology intermediaries.The third part is a comparative analysis between China and the United States from the four elements of government,enterprises,universities and science and technology intermediaries,and the comparative analysis between China and the United States from a holistic perspective.The fourth part applies the DEA method to evaluate the efficiency of the two countries' innovation system respectively,and makes a comparative analysis.It also analyzes the reasons for the difference of innovation efficiency between the two countries.The last part is a revelation from the comparison,and puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions for the national innovation system of our country.This paper applies system theory,comparative analysis and DEA to compare the composition and efficiency of the national innovation system between China and the US,The main conclusions are as follows:(1)the growth rate of US investment in R & D is slow and stable.The development of national innovation system is very perfect.The government implements weak intervention policy,and enterprises are the core of innovation.(2)China investment in research and development and output continued growth in the state,the national innovation system development is still not perfect,the government is in a higher position in national innovation system,the play is a driving role to guide the development of enterprises,universities,science and technology intermediary organization,and the lack of interaction between them.(3)the lack of R & D input is the main reason for the efficiency of China's national innovation system,and the imperfect system is the secondary cause.