An Empirical Analysis Of The Impact Of Marketization On The Efficiency Of Logistics Industry In The "core Area" Of The Silk Road Economic Belt

As an important economic channel,the Silk Road Economic Belt connects China with Central Asia,West Asia,and Europe,and is a new growth belt that provides power for the development of the world economy.The five provinces of northwest China and the five countries in Central Asia are located at the core of the Silk Road Economic Belt and play an important role in the development of the surroundings and the entire economic belt.However,the economies of China’s five northwestern provinces and five Central Asian countries are relatively backward,and they all face the arduous task of speeding up the process of marketization and continuously promoting the development of the regional economy.As the "third profit spring",the efficiency of logistics industry also largely depends on the level of marketization.Therefore,this article focuses on the issue of marketization affecting the efficiency of logistics industry in the "core zone" of the Silk Road Economic Belt(this article is limited to the spatial scope of China’s five northwest provinces and five central Asian countries),which has an important theoretical and practical significance.This paper adopts theoretical and empirical analysis methods,literature review and comparative analysis,and concentrates on analyzing the current development status of the "core area" logistics industry in the Silk Road Economic Belt and the impact of marketization on the efficiency of the logistics industry.The main contents and conclusions of this paper are:(Ⅰ)Based on a review of research status at home and abroad,this paper first defines the concepts of logistics,efficiency pf logistics industry,market,and marketization,and then focus on the use of market efficiency theory,market failure theory,government effectiveness theory,and government failure theory to analyze that the mechanism of marketization affects the efficiency of the logistics industry.The main mechanism is that marketization will influence the efficiency of the logistics industry by adjusting the relationship between the market and the government;marketization will affect the development of the factor market and product market to promote efficiency of the logistics industry;marketization will affect the efficiency of the logistics industry through the development of an active non-public economy.(Ⅱ)The specific scope of the "core zone" of the Silk Road Economic Belt is delineated here,and from the aspects of roads,railways,aviation,employees to show the entire core logistics area of the Silk Road Economic Belt from 2003 to 2015.The status of the low level of development is not sufficient and the internal development is not balanced.The focus is on the efficiency of the logistics industry in the ten small areas of the "core area".Data envelopment analysis(DEA)methods are used to measure the status of the logistics industry.The conclusions are:(I)From a purely technical efficiency point of view,the order from high to low is Shaanxi(1.000),Gansu(1.000),Ningxia(1.000),Xinjiang(1.000),Kazakhstan(1.000),Kyrgyzstan(1.000),Tajikistan(1.000),Uzbekistan(0.797),Qinghai(0.713),Turkmenistan(0.393);(2)In terms of scale efficiency,from high to low,Shaanxi(1.000),Gansu(1.000),and Ningxia(1.000),Xinjiang(1.000),Turkmenistan(0.981),Uzbekistan(0.903),Qinghai(0.849),Kazakhstan(0.511),Tajikistan(0.501),Kyrgyzstan(0.392);(3)From the perspective of overall technical efficiency,from high to low,Shaanxi(1.000),Gansu(1.000),Ningxia(1.000),Xinjiang(1.000),Uzbekistan(0.732),Qinghai(0.589),Kazakhstan(0.511),Tajikistan(0.501),Kyrgyzstan(0.392),Turkmenistan(0.386);(4)The overall technical efficiency,pure technical efficiency,and scale efficiency of the logistics industry in the "core area" the five provinces of northwest China and the five countries in Central Asiaare summarized to be ineffective,but the five provinces in the northwest China are significantly higher than the five countries in Central Asia.(Ⅲ)Taking the results of comprehensive technical efficiency,pure technical efficiency,and scale efficiency of the logistics industry in each region as the interpreted variables in the model,the market index is selected as the key explanatory variable,and the level of informationization,location advantages,degree of openness,and economy six control variables such as development level,urbanization level,and industrial structure were used to perform Tobit regression.The results show that:marketization has an impact on the efficiency improvement of the logistics industry in the "core zone" of the Silk Road Economic Belt.The increase in marketization level will affect the technological status and development scale of the"core zone" logistics industry,and thus improve the overall technical efficiency of the logistics industry.(Ⅳ)Based on the empirical results and analysis,we have made targeted recommendations to promote the marketization process of the "core zone" to improve the efficiency of the logistics industry.The innovations of this paper are:(1)From the perspective of research,under the background of the construction of the Silk Road Economic Belt and the promotion of marketization,study the mechanism of marketization on the efficiency of the logistics industry and the economic belt of the Silk Road.The extent of the influence of the "core area" has provided a basis for promoting the smooth flow of the "core area",which is an innovative work in this paper.(2)In the empirical research,there is no detailed study on the marketization effect on the efficiency of logistics industry in the "core area" of the Silk Road Economic Belt.This paper studies the problem from the combination of theory and empirical analysis.