Countryside And Soil: A Study On The Sense Of Place Of Rural Residents In Huangling County Under The Background Of Land Circulation

Agriculture has been existed in our country for so many years.In the process of interacting with the land,farmers not only pay a sweat,but also involve the emotion."Home" and "land" are the substantial and meaningful space for farmers.To farmers,they are also the carrier of culture and the construction of social relations.However,the constant change of the external environment and power relations,the original stable culture began to be unrest and vicissitude."Home" in the flowing background has attracted many geographers'attention.But at present,most of the scholars in our country mainly study the peasants' sense of place in the city or the suburb.They pay little attention to the land-lost farmers in countryside.Mencius,Teng Wengong mentions that "where there a man be of stable wealth,there is a stable heart"this article focuses on the change of local sense of "home" and"land" by land-lost farmers in rural areas.Through the investigation of typical area in Huangling county,trying to explore the inner link between "home" and "land",and summarizing the characteristics and differences between two types of farmers' sense of place.Research on the perception network structure and differences between two types of farmers,excavating the influence factors and the mechanism framework of the formation of different farmers' sense of place,and trying to put forward specific countermeasures under the perspective of social geography living space concept.This article mainly adopts questionnaire survey method and in-depth interview method to obtain data.With the help of SPSS21.0 and Ucinet 6,descriptive statistics analysis,factor analysis,correlation analysis,Mann-Whitney U test,K test and multiple way centrality calculation,NetDraw complex network diagram and other methods are applied.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)"Home" and "land" complement and promote each other,"land" is fundamental."Home" is the development and diffusion of "land",and the local perception of "home"is closely related to "land".The sense of belonging and cultural identity under the"home" dimension is the emotional meaning of space.Farmers understand the "home"by "land".For the normal farmers,"home" perception stronger than the "land"perception,but the land-lost farmers are on the contrary.Normal farmers have a strong positive perception of "land",which makes them more aware of the culture when they understand "home",and has a stronger sense of belonging.The change of life makes land-lost farmers eager to rebuild their lives,and unable to pursue social relations and cultural attribution.The collective and individual cultures lose their fertile land and hard to continue.The farmers become "homeless" and "no hometown to love".(2)Land-lost farmers,sense of place are complex and contradictory.The complexity of the sensibility of land-lost farmers reflected in they need to restructure their life which has been destroyed.In the process of reconstruction,the change speed of the original emotion is inconsistent with the real environment.Though farmers have lost their land,the lost-land farmers still think they are physically dependent and emotionally rooted at the land.the contradiction of emotion is manifested the fact that the land-lost farmers have a high degree of Embeddedness and strong land dependence,but they agree that the land is substitutable,which is contrary to their strong attachment to land.(3)The dynamic evolution process of the sense of "land" and "home":after farms lose their land:After farmers lost their land,their satisfaction of life begin fall off,even to be negative.The root of land only become slightly lower.The farmers still love,yearn and think they are rooted in the land,but their Embeddedness have lost actual material basis,becoming unstable and groundless.As to land dependence,when farmers lost their land,the process of "destroy-reconstruction-establishment" began.In this process,the concept of farmers gradually deviated from the original "land irreplaceable theory".The sense of belonging,social identity and cultural pride gradually become indifferent.(4)Structural features and differences between two types of farmers perception networks:For land-lost farmers,the structure level from the core to the edge is divided into "Environmental features-Family livelihood-Sense of security and embeddednes-seek for a way out" four types.The structure level of normal farmers from the core to the edge is divided into "embeddedness-family livelihood-mixed zone"three types.(5)The influence factors of rural residents' "home" and "land" sense can be summed as demographic factors and external environmental perception factors,which mainly included age,education,income,family structure,government management,natural environment,infrastructure and environment.On this basis,this article summarizes the mechanism framework of sense of place.Aimed at the factors for rural residents' "home" and "land" sense,people should adhere to the "individual central attempt-family micro space assistance-social macro space support" to enhance farmers'concept.Combined with the land-lost farmers' sense of place promotion mode,this article puts forward countermeasures for land-lost farmers in order to promote their sense of place.