A Study Of The Industry, Farmers And Enterprises Of Chaozhou Fenghuang Dancong Tea In The Traditional Producing Areas After The Founding Of The People's Republic Of China (1949-2016)

Fenghuang Dancong Tea is originated from Fenghaung Mountain of Chaozhou.The traditional production area of Fenghaung Dancong Tea consisted of the main part of production area of Fenghaung Dancong Tea.Fenghuang Dancong Tea has become the main economic industry of Fenghuang Town.Due to tea enterprises and tea farmers disorderly developed in pursuit of economic interests,the natural environment of Fenghuang Mountain was badly destructed and polluted which seriously affected the sustainbility of Fenghuang Dancong Tea in the future.There was also a confict between the protection of Fenghuang Dancong Tea as an important agricultural cultural heritage with the situation.The study argues that in order to realize the sustainable development of the Fenghuang Dancong Tea,the protection of the Fenghuang Dancong Tea as an important agricultural cultural heritage requires systematic considera tion of the relationship among the development of tea industry,the development of tea farmers and the development of tea enterprises.Based on the above background,the study explored historically the development process of the tea industry,tea farmers and tea enterprises in the traditional Fenghuang Dancong Tea area after the founding of the People's Republic of China based on which the future development strategy of Fenghuang Dancong Tea a s well as the protection strategy of Fenghuang Dancong Tea as an important agricultural cultural heritag.A method of combining oral history and historical literature was used to obtain research data.while the use of visual presentation to enhance the intuitive way.11 respondents were interviewed,including professional researchers of Fenghuang Dancong Tea,managers of tea enterprises and tea farmers,which lasted one year and a half.The records of interviews were transfered into fifty thousand text words.The study found that:(1)the planting,tea garden management and tea tree repair technology in farming Fenghuang Dancong Tea has greatly improved and improved,after the founding of the PRC.Planting technology developed from the traditional sexual reproduction to asexual reproductio n;Tea garden management experienced three stages of development from the traditional management,modern tea garden management and organic tea garden management;The shearing of tea trees was taking seriously account of and this method was much more used to improve tea production;(2)After the founding of the PRC,the development of Fenghuang Dancong Tea making technology is mainly reflected in the improvement and upgrading of tea making tools.The process of development could be categorize into three stages,including by artificial,by animal or water and by electricity to achieve mechanization,even automation.(3)Fenghuang tea farmers can be divided into four types,namely,knowledge-based tea farmers,technical farmers,tea farmers engaging in tea sale and ordinary tea farmers,to help ordinary tea farmers.The study argued that to help the ordinary tea farmers to get rich is an important goal of sustainable development.(4)As to the development of tea enterprises,the year of 1985 saw a change in the national tea production and management policy.Before 1985,there was few tea enterprises,which developed slowly;After1985,the number of Fenghuang Dancong Tea enterprises increased rapidly,as a result of which,the scale of tea production expanded.C urrently,some tea enterprises began to realize the importa nce of sustainable development and he number of tea enterprises engaged in organic tea production and management also had a gradual rise.Finally,from the perspective of profection of agricultural cultural heritag,the study argued that the Fenghuang Dancong Tea had to seriously deal with the relationships among tea industry,tea farmers and tea enterprises which would beneficially facilite the sustainable development of Fenghuang Dancong Tea.Firstly,it is important to lead the tea industry of Fenghaung Dancong to the road of ecological development;Secondly,tea enterprises should reform their function,one of which was to protect the natural resources in the traditional area of Fenghaung Dancong Teal.Thirdly,it is also imperative to promote the ecological awareness of tea farmers.The government should educate and training the tea farmers so that tea farmers get to know the importance of the protection of tea growing ecological environment,the basic skill to protect the ecology could be promoted.As to tea enterprises,it would be beneficial to develop and produce orderly and help the tea farmers to benefit from protection t of agricultural cultural heritage.