| Today's society is a society with rapid development of science and technology.In this era of knowledge economy,scientific and technological innovation can determine the economic development and effect the international status of a country.It has become an important decisive factor.Therefore,how to improve the level of scientific and technological innovation will become an important theme of economic development in all countries.Regional science and technology innovation efficiency can comprehensively and objectively reflect the integration of scientific and technological resources within a region and promote the ability of sustained innovation.It is a representative index to measure the core competitiveness of a region.It has extremely far-reaching theoretical and practical significance to enhance the scientific and technological innovation ability and efficiency of provinces in southwest China.In the front,this paper reviews the relevant literature on scientific and technological innovation at home and abroad,and summarizes and collates the relevant theories.On this basis,taking four provinces in southwest China from 2010 to 2017 as the research object,this paper evaluates the efficiency of scientific and technological innovation of these four provinces in southwest China by using data envelopment analysis(DEA).Finally,Tobit model is established to analyze the factors affecting scientific and technological innovation in southwest China.The article mainly includes the following aspects:Firstly,by combing the relevant research results abroad,the connotation of scientific and technological innovation,the development process of scientific and technological innovation theory,and the development theory closely related to scientific and technological innovation are defined;reviewing the domestic literature,Chinese scholars constantly improve the relevant innovation theory,put forward new measurement methods for existing methods,improve the relevant theory of index selection,and complete the whole country.The measurement of the efficiency of scientific and technological innovation in most regions provides an important reference for evaluating the efficiency of four provinces in southwest China,and provides a theoretical framework for studying the influencing factors of the efficiency of scientific and technological innovation.Secondly,this paper establishes an evaluation index system of regional scientific and technological innovation efficiency,which includes five elements:internal expenditure of R&D funds,input intensity of scientific research funds,full-time equivalent of R&D personnel,patent application volume and sales revenue of new products.By using envelope data analysis method,this paper evaluates the efficiency of scientific and technological innovation in the provinces of southwest China,and draws the following conclusions:(1)2010-2017,The efficiency of scientific and technological innovation in Southwest China shows an upward trend on the whole;(2)the efficiency of scientific and technological innovation in Chongqing and Sichuan Province has increased rapidly;(3)the efficiency of scientific and technological innovation in Guizhou and Yunnan Province has increased slowly.Thirdly,the empirical analysis of the influencing factors of the efficiency of scientific and technological innovation is carried out.Using the data of four provincial areas from 2010 to 2017,the Tobit model was used for regression analysis.Through empirical analysis,the following conclusions can be drawn:(1)The factors that have significant influence on the efficiency of scientific and technological innovation in Chongqing are the level of economic development,the degree of openness to the outside world,the quality of workers and the process of urbanization,in which economic development and the quality of workers have a significant role in promoting the efficiency of scientific and technological innovation in Chongqing,and the degree of openness and the process of urbanization have a negative effect on the efficiency of scientific and technological innovation;(2)The positive and significant factors affecting the efficiency of scientific and technological innovation in Sichuan Province are the level of economic development and the level of actual utilization of foreign capital,while the negative factors are the level of development of high-tech industries and the level of infrastructure construction;(3)the positive and significant factors affecting the efficiency of scientific and technological innovation in Guizhou Province are the degree of industrial modernization and the degree of support for education,and the negative factors are the degree of openness to the outside world;(4)There are significant positive factors affecting the efficiency of scientific and technological innovation in Yunnan Province,such as the degree of opening to the outside world and the quality of regional workers,and the level of regional economic development has a negative impact on the efficiency of scientific and technological innovation.Finally,according to the conclusion of efficiency measurement and influencing factors mentioned above,this paper puts forward policy suggestions for four provinces in southwest China:Chongqing should continue to accelerate economic development and improve the level of higher education,while increasing the ability of independent research and development;Sichuan should speed up regional economic development,strengthen investment attraction,so as to improve the level of actual utilization of foreign capital,but also should continue.We should continue to speed up the level of infrastructure construction and the development of high-tech industries;Guizhou should vigorously develop service-oriented industries around big data industries,and increase expenditure on basic education and vocational and technical education;Yunnan should expand the scale of import and export,especially the export of high-tech products,improve the level of higher education,and accelerate regional economic development. |
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