The Measurement Of China's Scientific And Technological Innovation Efficiency And Its Influencing Factors

In the context of new normal of Chinese economy,to get rid of the extensive economic growth mode,implementing of innovation driven development strategy,relying on innovation to create a new engine of the development and cultivating new economic growth points to improve the quality and efficiency of China's economic development,has become a key sally port and point of strength of China's economic transition.Since the reform and opening-up,China has made great achievements in the construction and development of national innovation system,and the scale of innovation investment is in the front rank of the world.However,we can still not consider that China has been an innovation-oriented country because of the above.Compared with the United States,Britain,Japan,Germany and France and other advanced innovative countries,there is still a long way to go for China's scientific and technological innovation capacity ability.And China's scientific and technological innovation input intensity,the ability of original innovation,level of fundamental research and scientific and technological innovation output efficiency are still relatively backward.Based on the theoretical framework of national innovation system concept,the scientific and technological innovation activities of the national innovation system are studied.Firstly,we use super efficiency DEA model to measure the science and technology innovation efficiency of China,and then compared it with that of other major innovative countries.Secondly,we use the innovation efficiency value as the dependent variable and using the restricted dependent variable Tobit model to analyze the influencing factors of the innovation efficiency.The first step is to define the status and function of the innovation subjects in the innovation of science and technology,and at the same time,by verifying the impact of macro taxation on the efficiency of national science and technology innovation,we analyze the role of government in improving the efficiency of national science and technology innovation.We find that the national science and technology innovation efficiency is not only influenced by the main innovation subjects,but also has to do with a country's tax policy.The analysis also shows that the infrastructure construction and innovation environment of a country are also important factors that restrict the efficiency of national science and technology innovation.In addition,to study the efficiency of national science and technology innovation in a more comprehensive and in-depth way,we use Malmquist index decomposition method to do TFP analysis of national science and technology innovation.Based on the description of changes in technical efficiency and technological progress,we conclude that our country has a lot of room for the efficiency and efficiency of resource allocation.Finally,based on the conclusions,we put forward the corresponding countermeasures to deal with the problems facing China's scientific and technological innovation,in the hope of improving the efficiency of scientific and technological innovation and providing reference for national promotion of national science and technology innovation ability.This paper mainly focuses on the following aspects: firstly,it summarizes and combs the concept and theory of science and technology innovation efficiency,introduces the related literature on the measurement of technological innovation efficiency and its influencing factors and points out the inadequate and unimproved aspects.Second,based on the analysis of the input and output of China's national science and technology innovation situation and comparison between China and other major innovative countries horizontally and vertically,we find out the problems and shortcomings of the national science and technology innovation.Third,using super efficiency DEA model to measure the science and technology innovation efficiency with the sample data from 2000-2013 using 30 countries,including China and the OECD.And then by using the measured value of the national science and technology innovation efficiency as independent variables,we analyze the influence factors of the national science and technology innovation efficiency with the limited dependent variable Tobit model from the angles of science and technology innovation resources input and use.Fourth,we further decompose the total factor productivity of national science and technology innovation with Malmquist index,and dynamically analyzes the possible reasons for the low efficiency of national science and technology innovation from the aspects of technical efficiency change and technological change.