Research On The Impact Of The Change Of Agricultural Labor Force Structure On Grain Production In China

With the development of social economy,China’s population development has begun to change,entering the stage of low fertility and low mortality,accompanied by the phenomenon of aging and more serious.Under the background of population aging in our country,the age structure,gender structure and knowledge level structure of agricultural labor force are also beginning to change.The change of agricultural labor force structure is actually the change of grain production factors.The change of grain production factors will inevitably have an impact on grain production capacity,grain output and variety structure,and then on food security.Agriculture is the basic industry of our country,and our country has always attached great importance to agriculture.In 2015,the Central Conference on Rural Work put forward the structural reform of agricultural supply side for the first time.In 2017,the Central Document No.1 formally put forward the implementation opinions of promoting the structural reform of rural supply side.In 2018,the Central Document No.1 integrated the structural reform of agricultural supply side into the strategy of rural revitalization,and once again clarified that the structural reform of agricultural supply side is the main line of implementing the revitalization of rural industry.From the beginning of the reform of agricultural supply side,it is clearly pointed out that the basis of the reform is to ensure national food security.Therefore,under the background of the implementation of the National Rural Revitalization Strategy and the implementation of the agricultural supply side reform,it is of great significance to find out the characteristics of the structural changes of the main body of agricultural production and grasp the specific impact of the changes on grain production,so as to further tap the potential of grain production factors and ensure food security.Therefore,based on the analysis of agricultural labor force structure,agricultural production conditions and crop planting structure,this paper uses empirical method to analyze the impact of agricultural labor force structure changes on grain production.Specific research contents are divided into six parts:The first part mainly introduces the research background,research significance,research methods and technical routes,and through the form of literature review,introduces the latest developments of food security research under the background of agricultural labor force and its structural changes,factors affecting grain production and agricultural supply-side reform,which provides a reference for the following research.The second part is the definition of related concepts and theoretical basis.This part introduces the nouns and theories involved in the paper.It mainly includes the concepts of agricultural labor force and agricultural labor force structure,the meaning of population theory,farmer’s production behavior theory and human capital theory.This part of the introduction provides a theoretical basis for the following research.The third part is about the characteristics and reasons of the structural change of agricultural labor force in China.In this part,through sorting out the statistical data,the characteristics of age structure,gender structure and knowledge level structure of agricultural labor force are analyzed.Through the analysis,it is found that the agricultural labor force in our country has shown an aging state,and is becoming more and more serious.The reasons are as follows: firstly,the agricultural labor force is a part of the population,the aging of the agricultural labor force is a natural phenomenon under the background of the aging of the population in our country;secondly,the urban-rural transfer of the young and middle-aged labor force,and the transformation of the departments aggravate the aging of the age.Third,the concept of labor and the need for old-age care have prolonged the working life of the elderly.The trend of feminization of agricultural labor force in China is obvious for the following reasons: firstly,because the implementation of family planning policy regulates the gender structure of rural population;secondly,with the development of urbanization,a large number of rural male labor force shifts to cities,women and children stay in rural areas,and the number of women engaged in agricultural production is higher than that of men;thirdly,the increase of local employment opportunities in rural areas enables farmers to do so.At the same time,both agricultural production and non-agricultural production are taken into account.The overall education level of agricultural labor force in China is relatively low,for the following reasons: firstly,the popularization of free compulsory education makes the willingness of agricultural labor force to receive education stronger;secondly,the low level of modernization of agricultural production and the low requirement for farmers’ quality indirectly result in the lack of motivation for farmers to receive higher education,and the lower agricultural wages relative to other industries,which lead to the acceptance of higher education.The rural population who are educated are unwilling to become farmers.The fourth part is the analysis of the current situation of grain production in China.This part of the content of China’s grain production conditions,changes in grain planting area and planting structure trends were analyzed.It is found that the conditions of grain production in China are shortage of resources and improvement of conditions.Specific manifestations are as follows: China’s arable land resources have the natural characteristics of "one more,two fewer,one fragmentation" and the quality is declining;the total amount of agricultural machinery is relatively large,but the type structure is not balanced,and the security system is not perfect;the input conditions of agricultural production material are improved,but there are also hidden dangers of farmland pollution caused by chemical fertilizer dependence.The planting structure changed.Specific manifestations are as follows: the growth rate of cash crops is greater than that of food crops;the proportion of new staple grain in the internal structure of grain crops has increased significantly;the proportion of "food" plants in cash crops is higher than that of "clothing" plants.The fifth part is the empirical analysis of the impact of agricultural labor force structure changes on grain production.This part empirically studies the effect of the change of agricultural labor force structure on grain yield,grain sowing area and grain production structure.Empirical studies have drawn the following conclusions: the aging rate has a positive effect on Grain Yield and promotes the adjustment of planting structure;the feminization rate has a negative effect on Grain Yield and promotes the adjustment of planting structure;and the average length of education promotes the adjustment of planting structure.The sixth part is the conclusion and suggestions.This part summarizes the research conclusions of the third part,the fourth part and the fifth part.According to the research conclusions,it puts forward the strategies of Rural Revitalization and the implementation of agricultural supply-side reform to optimize the structure characteristics of agricultural labor force and enhance China’s grain production capacity.