| At present,more and more researches believe that resources misallocation is one of the factors leading to the loss of productivity.Similarly,the misallocation of the science& technology resources will also cause the loss of innovation efficiency.As a typical resource-based region,Shanxi has a slow reform of factor marketization.And it is difficult for scientific & technological resources to flow freely,which greatly restricts the improvement of innovation efficiency.Therefore,it has significent meaning for improving the level of regional innovation to explore the misallocation of scientific &technological resources and the loss of innovation efficiency in Shanxi Province.At present,there are a few studies on the misallocation of scientific & technological resources at home or abroad,and few studies focus on the industrial level.But in fact,considering of the heterogeneity of the industries and the particularity of resource-based regions,the degree of industrial misallocation of scientific & technological resources is not same with each other.Therefore,this paper adds the consideration of the market share of the industry products in the process of constructing the relative misallocation index.This paper has constructed index of scientific & technology resources and model of innovation efficiency loss,and conducted an empirical study about the misallocation of science & technology resources in 23 industries in Shanxi Province from 2014 to2016.Firstly,this paper has constructed the absolute misallocation index of science &technology resources in a single industry by introducing the knowledge production function to the Hsieh & Klenow model,and this index is used to indicate the deviation of the actual scientific & technology resources input and the optimal investment in a certain industry.Secondly,the market share of different industries is introduced to the absolute misallocation index,and the relative misallocation index of science &technology resources in the industry is constructed,which is used to indicate the degree of misallocation under certain resource endowments.Thirdly,based on the Solow model,the loss of innovative efficiency model is constructed to investigate the negative effectsof the misallocation of scientific and technological resources on various industries.Then,combined with the actual situation in Shanxi Province,the paper analyzes theoretically the causes of the misallocation of scientific & technological resources.The research shows that,(1)there are widespread misallocatione in science & technology resources in various industries in Shanxi Province,but the degree of misallocation in different types of industries is different: the degree of misallocation of scientific & technological resources in the mining industry and labor-intensive manufacturing industries is significantly less than that of capital-intensive and technology-intensive manufacturing industries,and relatively more resources flow to the traditional industries such as textiles,which has excess resources.(2)The loss of innovation efficiency caused by the misallocation of science & technology resources in most industries in Shanxi Province is as high as 98%,and the loss of technology-intensive manufacturing industries who has higher potential innovation efficiency is higher than that of some raw materials processing industries who has lower potential innovation efficiency.(3)The main reasons for the industrial misallocation in Shanxi Province are the macro-hard environment such as financial market defection,labor mobility restrictions,single industrial structure,excessive proportion of state-owned enterprises and imperfect infrastructure,and macro-soft environment such as government intervention,marketization level and environment of innovation and entrepreneurship,and the internal structural heterogeneity of the industry and the heterogeneity of industry barriers.Finally,combined with the research conclusions,the papaer puts forward four suggestions such as improving the quality of resources,deepenning the reform of the innovation system,different investment strategies,adjusting technological progress bias for improving the efficiency of allocation of science & technology resources in Shanxi Province. |
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