Study On Poverty Reduction Effect Of Rural Public Goods Supply In China

Poverty has always been a worldwide problem.It is also the short board for building a well-society in China."Agriculture,Countryside and Farmer" issues now are bottleneck of realize the modernization process.Since the reform and opening up,the Chinese government has been committed to poverty reduction in rural areas.Through continuous improvement of poverty alleviation,the number of poor people has been reduced to over 50 million,creating a path of poverty reduction with Chinese characteristics.Our government has created a path of poverty reduction with Chinese characteristics.However our rural areas still face the problems of a large number of poor people and a high incidence of poverty.As the result of the urban-rural dual structure and the unbalanced regional development,the supply of rural public goods and service are insufficient.Moreover the rural poor people's ability of lifting themselves out of poverty and developing themselves has been restricted seriously which induce poverty and return-to-poverty.For the government to lead the poverty reduction program,practice shows that one of the effective ways is to improve the supply of rural public goods which can cope with the gap between urban and rural areas and between regions in the reform process.In the Outline of China's rural poverty alleviation and development(2011-2020),the central government has put forward the importance of strengthening rural infrastructure and social programs,and identified the main tasks in major areas of basic public services including agricultural infrastructure,water security,popularization of electricity,ecological and environmental protection,medical assistance,public health,culture and sports,education and people's livelihood and so on.In the report delivered at the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China in October 2017,the strategy of rural revitalization was put forward for the first time,and the general requirements of "industrial prosperity,ecological livability,rural civilization,effective governance and living prosperity" were put forward to accelerate agricultural and rural modernization and truly stimulate rural development.Considering the availability of data and other aspects,this paper studied the situation of rural areas in 27 provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government)from 2002 to 2016,hoping to get some suggested results from the macro perspective.Based on relevant researches at home and abroad,this paper analyzes the supply theory of rural public goods and causes of poverty,and then expounds the direct and indirect mechanism of poverty reduction of various types of rural public goods.It is theoretically proved that the improvement of sufficient public goods for the rural poor population can effectively improve the income situation,promote the self-development ability of the poor areas and the poor population,and resist natural and social risks.On the basis of theory,empirical research is conducted.By constructing the evaluation system and applying GPCA,this paper measures the respective and comprehensive supply level of three types of rural public goods,namely public facilities,people's livelihood security and cultural and educational development,and analyzes the time and space difference of rural public goods supply in China.Similarly,this paper quantitatively measures rural poverty reduction from the perspective of rural residents' income and purchasing power.Through the establishment of the econometric model,the poverty reduction effect of rural public goods has a very distinct individual effect.This paper apply the fixed-effect model to analyze the income poverty reduction effect of three types of rural public products which are public facilities,livelihood security,culture and education development in the east,middle,west and northeast four regions,so as to clear that under the condition of different foundation conditions,such as the geographical location,natural resource endowment,the ecological environment conditions,economic development level,social cultural atmosphere,different types of rural public products play different poverty reduction effect.So given the limited national poverty alleviation resources,the priority of rural public goods supply in different regions should be different.Industrial revitalization,talent revitalization,cultural revitalization and ecological revitalization,all of them should be tailored and targeted to find their own development path in the poverty alleviation process.Finally,this paper puts forward relevant countermeasures and suggestions for optimizing the supply structure of rural public goods,improving the endogenous development power of poverty-stricken areas,and realizing rural poverty reduction to the maximum extent.