The Characteristics Of R&D Network In China's Manufacturing Industry And Its Driving Effect On Innovation

Manufacturing industry is the main body of China's national economy.To build a manufacturing industry with international competitiveness is the only way to enhance comprehensive national strength and build a world power.Since the adoption of reform and opening up policy,China's manufacturing industry has continued to develop rapidly.However,compared with the manufacturing industry in developed countries,the "big but not strong" characteristics of China's manufacturing industry are still very prominent.Many industries are still in the middle and low end of the international industrial chain.Under the background of the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation and China's accelerated transformation of the mode of economic development,the manufacturing industry needs to change the traditional mode of factor-driven production,improve the level of independent innovation of the manufacturing industry,guide the industrial chain to high-end development,and complete the upgrading of industrial structure.Today in the open production environment,inter-industry technological innovation mode has gradually evolved from simple linear mode to interactive mode into network mode,and network has become an important environmental feature of industry technological innovation.Therefore,it is necessary to start from the R&D network environment of manufacturing industry to explore how the network characteristics of R&D environment affect the innovation performance of manufacturing industry.It has practical guiding significance for the industry to strengthen the relationship with other related industries,improve its position,improve innovation performance and achieve accurate R&D.At the same time,it is helpful for the relevant government departments to grasp the R&D characteristics of manufacturing industry as a whole and formulate or adjust relevant industrial policies.Firstly,this paper uses input-output table to construct the output-R&D matrix of China's manufacturing industry by combining the industry's production correlation with R&D input,and then calculates the knowledge spillover effect between industries and the location characteristics of R&D network.Then,it makes an empirical test on the impact of the above variables on the innovation performance of China's manufacturing industry.Finally,according to the R&D input intensity,the paper examines the heterogeneity of the impact of each variable on innovation performance of different characteristic industries,and further excavates the influence of industry characteristics.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1)The R&D network structure of China's manufacturing industry is becoming more and more close,technology spillovers are gradually increasing,the level differences between industries are slowly narrowing,the R&D resources in the network are close to uniform distribution,the industry's innovation and development rely on R&D network gradually deepening,and the R&D network environment has become an impact on innovation performance.Effective external environment.(2)the network environment characteristics and location characteristics of the industry will have an impact on innovation performance.Industries in the industrial chain make use of the technology of upstream industries for product innovation,and the demand of high-quality products from downstream industries will also drive upstream industries to increase R&D.The crisscross links in R&D networks can increase the path of product flow between industries in the network,maximize the speed of product and knowledge flow,and reduce production.The barriers and time of product transfer can further improve the efficiency of transferring products and technologies between industries.The highly centralized industries are in a critical position,with structural advantages,playing the role of network leaders in the network,and can maximize the benefits of innovation activities in other industries.(3)The results of sub-industry estimates show that high-tech industries have more significant impact on innovation performance because of their advantages in knowledge and technology intensity,the amount of innovation resources and the high degree of economic relevance.(4)The impact of knowledge spillovers on innovation performance in China's manufacturing industry conforms to the virtuous cycle of "chain model".Knowledge spillovers between upstream and downstream industries form a good interaction,showing a"symmetrical" feature,and have a significant spillover effect.According to the research in this paper,the following policy recommendations are drawn:first,we should focus on developing high-tech industries,and vigorously develop the innovative radiation effect of high-tech.High-tech industry is in a superior position of network structure,which plays an important role in optimizing industrial structure and promoting economic development.In addition,due to the"time lag" effect of human capital on knowledge production in high-tech industries,it is necessary to establish effective human capital accumulation and flow mechanism,strengthen inter-industry and intra-industry links,accelerate the utilization efficiency of inter-industry knowledge innovation resources and accelerate science and technology through human capital development,exchange and accumulation.The second is to increase R&D investment in low and medium-tech industries,strengthen industry knowledge absorption capacity,and adjust industrial knowledge production structure.Finally,the government regulates the construction of inter-industry social relations network.