Research On Supply-side Structural Reform Of Agricultural Products Based On Changing Demand

Since the reform and opening up,especially since the establishment of the target model of China's socialist market economic system,China's economy has experienced a long period of rapid growth,and the living standards of urban and rural residents have continuously improved.During this period,the upgrading trend of urban and rural residents' consumption demand structure is obvious,and it shows from focusing on total quantity to pursuing quality,from tangible material products to more services,function and experience consumption,from traditional singular consumption to developmental diversified consumption and so on,a series of changes have taken place.Further from the demand side of China's agricultural products,the income growth rate of urban and rural residents has outperformed the growth rate of GDP,the education level of residents has been increasing,the living standards of urban and rural residents as measured by Engel's coefficient have entered the stage of affluence,and the macro policy of promoting consumption has led to the upgrading of consumer demand structure.It is the four driving forces that drive the upgrading of the demand side structure.Through the statistical analysis of the structural upgrading of demand reflected by the changes in per capita agricultural product consumption in China and residents' agricultural product consumption expenditure elasticity and demand price elasticity,combined with economic growth trends,per capita disposable income and education level,and refer to the changes in population structure and the regular changes in the development of household consumption levels,this paper believes that China's agricultural product consumption demand has spanned the stage of simplification,productization,survival and material,showing the trend of diversified,developmental,service and functional trends,and the need for hidden agricultural products to be excavated.Inconsistent with this,China's agricultural product supply side is simplistic,low-quality,traditional,primary processing,simple packaging,product quality and safety issues stand out,low added value,brand awareness,inefficient and low-quality product circulation.The supply of agricultural products in China cannot keep up with the structural upgrading of the demand side,resulting in a structural imbalance between the supply and demand of agricultural products.The total characteristics of the imbalance between supply and demand of agricultural products are manifested in three aspects:insufficient self-sufficiency of agricultural products,high dependence on imports,and high inventory pressure on major grain agricultural products.The structural imbalance of supply and demand of agricultural products is manifested in the following five aspects:the single-type agricultural product supply system cannot keep up with the diversified demand for agricultural products,the high-quality brand agricultural products are difficult to meet the developmental changes of agricultural product demand,and the substance supply of agricultural products cannot match the service and functional needs of consumers,the supply of traditional agricultural products does not match the increasing experiential demand of consumers,and the circulation of agricultural products is hindered to restrict the balanced development of production and demand.Integrating Engel's law,supply and demand theory,Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory and supply-side structural reform theory,starting from the subjuct element of the demand side of agricultural products and the subjuct,products,funds,information,technology and institutional elements on the supply side,after an in-depth analysis of the causes of structural imbalances in the supply and demand of agricultural products,this paper points out the main reasons are that the demand side structure upgrade breaks the balance between supply and demand of traditional agricultural products,the supply side presents a situation of small-scale agricultural management is out of touch with modern agricultural technology,the agricultural weak attributes are difficult to guarantee the supply of fresh products,insufficient agricultural funds restrict the improvment of production efficiency and product quality,incomplete information leading to blindness in production,insufficient technology development and application of agricultural product supply side constraining product development and the exaltation of circulation rate,inefficient supply of agricultural system leads to insufficient market adaptability and so on.In order to solve the structural imbalance of supply and demand of agricultural products in China,based on the background of demand structure upgrading,this paper believes that it is necessary to focus on the consumption demand of agricultural products,from the two aspects of top-level design and realistic path,consolidate the achievements of modern agricultural development,promote the organic connection and coordinated development of small farmers and modern agriculture,improve the supply system of agricultural products supply side and supply structure of agricultural products,enhance the support of insurance finance to agriculture,improve the adaptability and flexibility of agricultural product supply system to market demand,optimize the marketing strategy of high-end agricultural products,create high quality fresh agricultural products cold chain logistics,smooth circulation of agricultural products.This paper hopes to provide some theoretical and practical reference for realizing the structural balance of China's agricultural product supply and demand system.