Innovation Input, Labor Quality And Technological Progress Based On Micro-level Data

Since the reform and opening up,China has maintained rapid and sustained growth in the national economy through the implementation of high investmentoriented and export-oriented development models with rich and low-cost labor resources.However,as China's economy enters a new normal,economic growth slows down and downward pressure continues to increase,and labor supply is close to the “Lewis turning point”,the demographic dividend is gradually weakened,and China needs “factor-driven” and pursues rapid growth.The traditional model is transformed into a “high quality development model” that is “innovation-driven” and that takes technological progress as its core content.Firstly,based on endogenous growth theory,modern human capital theory and Schumpeter's innovation theory,this paper constructs the theoretical framework of innovation investment and labor quality on the technological progress of enterprises.Secondly,using the balance panel data of China Industrial Enterprise Database from2005 to 2007,the basic model and the extended model of the construction are tested to explore the impact of innovation investment and labor quality on the technological progress of enterprises.The results show that innovation input based on micro level and labor quality will have a significant positive effect on technological progress.Thirdly,combined with the heterogeneity of the enterprise,the enterprise will be grouped and returned according to whether it is exported,different property rights structure,and different geographical locations to test the reliability of the empirical results.By comparing the regression results,we can find that there are differences in the impact of innovation input and labor quality on the technological progress of different groups of enterprises.Among them,the regression results of export enterprises and non-export enterprises are basically the same as the results of theoverall sample regression,but the increase of innovation input by export enterprises has less promotion effect on technological progress of enterprises than non-export enterprises;The innovation investment and the quality of the labor force have a significant positive impact on the technological progress of domestic enterprises,while the technological progress effect of the labor quality of foreign-funded enterprises is not obvious;The technological advancement effect of enterprise innovation investment in the eastern coastal areas is greater than that in the central and western regions,but the positive effect of the labor quality on technological progress is less than that in the central and western regions.Then,based on the heterogeneity of the industry,select the enterprises in the six representative industries with large production scale,large number of enterprises and fierce market competition to conduct group inspection.The results show that the technological advancement effect of innovation investment in electrical machinery and equipment manufacturing industry and special equipment manufacturing enterprises is more obvious;Improving the labor quality of transportation equipment manufacturing and communication equipment,computers and other electronic equipment manufacturing enterprises will promote the technological progress more effectively.Finally,based on the above research conclusions,this paper proposes corresponding policy recommendations for promoting technological progress at the national,industry and enterprise levels.