Research On The Spatial Layout And Competitive Relationship Of Express Enterprise In Zhengzhou City

The rise of e-commerce has promoted the rapid development of express logistics,while express logistics has provided a guarantee for the development of e-commerce.The reasonable layout of express delivery outlets has a vital impact on the improvement of express service efficiency and operational quality and the realization of the overall development strategy of express delivery logistics.It has a positive effect on guiding the continuous and healthy development of urban express logistics and promoting the coordinated development of e-commerce and express logistics.In recent years,the urbanization of Zhengzhou City has developed rapidly,and logistics enterprises have accelerated the layout of urban and rural outlets.However,there are problems such as repeated construction of urban centers,excessive competition,scarce rural outlets,and weak service capabilities.In 2014,the State Post Bureau officially proposed three major strategies of “going to the countryside”,“westward” and “outward”,and the major express enterprises have taken action.Under this background,Zhengzhou City needs joint courier enterprises to re-plan their express delivery logistics system to solve the problems of excessive competition and neglect of the rural market by express enterprises,so as to better implement the national strategy.Based on the POI data of Zhengzhou express delivery enterprise outlets,this paper analyzes the overall spatial layout of Zhengzhou express enterprises and the spatial structure characteristics of 10 express enterprises by using spatial analysis methods such as POI extraction display method and kernel density estimation.According to the operating mode,there are four types: direct-oriented,key-joined,ordinary-joined and end-platform.The spatial competition between the two direct-oriented,four key-joined,two ordinary-joined and two end-platform of express companies is discussed separately.The paper analyzes the influence of the corporate strategy of different types of express enterprises in Zhengzhou on their spatial competition,and analyzes the coupling between corporate strategy and local development strategy.Finally,the influence of corporate strategy,land rent and local strategy on the spatial competition relationship of different types of express enterprises in Zhengzhou City is studied.The results show that:(1)In the overall layout of the express outlets,Zhengzhou City's express delivery space agglomeration features a “one heart,four belts and more points” distribution pattern,the overall express logistics performance is “dense west and sparse east”,“dense north and sparse south”,which is consistent with the Zhengzhou City Overall Urban Planning(2010-2020)(revised in 2017).The distribution nodes of Zhengzhou City are distributed along the main trunk line,showing a contiguous spread and agglomeration state;the overall express logistics node is centered on densely populated areas and radiates and spreads from the inside to the outside in the main urban area;The concentration trend of Zhengdong New District is obvious,but the cluster aggregation and functional area are misplaced,which needs further optimization.(2)In terms of spatial competition,the express companies as a whole show a complementary cooperation situation,and partially present differentiated spatial competition behavior.The three types of express enterprises,such as direct-operated,key-joined and ordinary-joined,have significant urban-rural binary spatial differentiation,and they compete in different cities and spaces.Three types of express companies compete in urban space.The higher the level of commercial centers,the greater the competition in space.;express companies complement each other in the township market and compete fiercely in individual economically strong towns.(3)The enterprise strategy determines the spatial competition relationship among express enterprises.The land rent can regulate the spatial competition relationship between express enterprises.There are regional differences between enterprise strategy and local strategic coupling.According to the spatial layout and spatial competition relationship of Zhengzhou City's express enterprises,this paper draws the following enlightenment:(1)Zhengzhou Municipal Government can adjust the excessive competition in the main urban area through land rent.(2)Zhengzhou Municipal Government can make up for the lack of rural express outlets through policy regulation and control.(3)The government can encourage companies to establish alliances based on competitive strategies.(4)Local governments can cooperate with the corresponding enterprises according to local characteristics.