Spatial And Temporal Evolution Of Multidimensional Poverty In China Based On MPI Model

How to effectively solve the problem of poverty is a worldwide problem.Compared with other countries in the world,China has a large population and distinct geographical and cultural differences among its provinces.Therefore,the issue of effective poverty alleviation is more complicated.In view of this,this dissertation makes a comprehensive analysis of the changes of the poor population in some representative provinces of China from the perspectives of time and space,and tries to put forward some Suggestions on completing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects by 2020 and winning the battle against poverty based on the analysis results.At the beginning of the article,the author briefly introduces the evolution of poverty reduction policy and the concept of poverty.We can find that,with the constant change of the economic and social,in view of the poverty in different period,the Chinese government continues to adjust the policy and strategy for poverty alleviation,and academia to poor content defined also experienced a continuous occurred from junior to senior,from unidimensional to multidimensional,from static to dynamic process of gradually deepened,wide and refinement.Secondly,in order to unify China poverty measure standard in different time and space,the article collect,sort out the multiple description multidimensional poverty index of individual or family poverty measures,such as based on the axiomatic standard building of H-M multidimensional poverty index,Tsui multidimensional poverty index,and based on these physical and chemical standard build human development index,the index of human poverty,and so on.It can be seen that several common multidimensional poverty indexes in the world have their own advantages and disadvantages,applicability and limitations,and there is no poverty index that fully meets all criteria.According to the availability of data in China,this article regards the multidimensional poverty index of MPI multidimensional poverty index as theoretical basis of research,increase the measure individual or family income per capita income index of the information,the original three dimensions to four dimensions,a total of 11 indicators,overcomes the defect of most of the literature index dimension is less.In the empirical part,the author selected 1998-2018 in the CHNS data in 20 years as the research basis,the income level,education,health and life of four dimensions data index,combined with principal component analysis(PCA)to determine the index contribution,is calculated under different period of China's urban and rural poverty,as well as in central China,west,east and northeast in nine provinces of income poverty rate,depth of multidimensional poverty and poverty contribution ratio.The results show that the decline of multidimensional poverty exceeds that of single income poverty.Rural poverty is serious from both income and multidimensional perspective,and has always been the main body of poverty in China.However,the poverty gap between urban and rural areas has changed from income factor to non-income welfare factor.There are obvious differences in the incidence of poverty in the four dimensions.The main causes of poverty have been reduced from the health environment,medical insurance,years of education and per capita income in the early stage to the current health environment and years of education.In terms of the poverty situation of the representative 9 provinces,Henan,Guizhou and Yunnan have a large proportion of poverty contribution and a deep degree of poverty.In terms of poverty reduction effect,Hubei and Hunan are more remarkable,better than the eastern regions with better economic development.According to the above research conclusion,this dissertation puts forward the following Suggestions: anti-poverty policies should be from a single income a multidimensional perspective,especially in the poverty alleviation work focus to rural education,health,environment and health care,which continue to play a precise effect of poverty alleviation of poverty reduction policy,implement the accurate poverty alleviation policy is the key to eliminate the current China "diversity" welfare poor;We will pay more attention to the welfare gap between urban and rural poor people,accelerate the establishment of a coordinated poverty management system between urban and rural areas,and focus on narrowing the gap in income and living standards.We will continue to consolidate the achievements of poverty alleviation,establish appropriate risk prevention and control mechanisms for poverty alleviation,ensure that the people we have lifted out of poverty have the ability to survive and live in the present and future,truly address the sustainability of poverty,and achieve the 13 th five-year poverty alleviation goal.