Research On North China Water Resource Commission And The Modernization Of Tianjin Water Conservancy Construction(1928-1937)

In 1917,a catastrophic flood disaster broke out in Tianjin area.In 1918,the state and government comforted to the reality and established the Shunzhi Water Resources Commission,which intends to unify the water administration in Tianjin and avoid the recurrence of a catastrophic flood disaster.However,the Shunzhi Water Resources Commission has had little effect on water conservancy construction in Tianjin area.In 1928,the Shunzhi Water Resources Commission was reorganized into the North China Water Resources Commission.The North China Water Resources Commission reformed from inside organization,standardized its powers and responsibilities,and initiating the transformation from a single district to a large basin system to control water.The transformation of leadership from "official's water management" to "expert's water management".In Tianjin area,on the basis of inheriting some water conservancy systems and methods of the Shunzhi Water Resources Commission,the North China Water Resources Commission expanded the scope of water conservancy observations and established water conservancy stations;which established the North China Water Resources Commission and introduced advanced and scientific water conservancy observation's equipment and instruments,unified watermark observation method in the basin.It promoted the development of modernization of water conservancy construction in Tianjin.In 1935,under the command of the North China Water Resources Commission,China's No.1 Hydraulic Engineering Laboratory was established,which was a milestone in China's modern water conservancy construction.Although China's No.1 Hydraulic Engineering Laboratory was blown up after its establishment of two years,the pilot projects and experimental plans developed during its existence would have profond and unique hidden effects for the modernization of water management in Tianjin in the future.The North China Water Resources Commission started from the overall situation of the Haihe River and focused on Tianjin to find the upstream and downstream water conservancy of the Haihe River.This is different from the Haihe Engineering Bureau,the Haihe River Commission,the Rirer Affairs Bureau,the Tianjin Port Office and other water conservancy organizations that only target the Tianjin River Basin.At the same time,the North China Water Resources Commission formulated and implemented a series of water conservancy treatment plans for controlling the water conservancy problem of Tianjin,which made outstanding contributions to the modernization of water conservancy and produced positive and beneficial far-reaching effects of Tianjin.