Research On Urban Economic Efficiency Of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region Based On Three-Stage DEA-Malmquist Model

The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei coordinated development strategy is a major development strategy put forward by the CPC Central Committee with General Secretary Xi Jinping as the core under the new historical conditions.As an important source of power to lead China's high-quality development,studying the level of economic development cannot only be based on the economic aggregate,but should focus on the urban economic efficiency,and achieve high-quality development of the entire region by improving the urban economic efficiency.This paper selects panel data of 13 cities in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region from 2005 to 2016,sets reasonable input-output indicators and environmental variable indicators,and uses the three-stage DEA model to measure urban economic efficiency statically,while using three-stage DEA-Malmquist model to calculate the changes of total factor productivity.The Tobit regression analysis is used to empirically study the influencing factors of urban economic efficiency in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,and the following conclusions are obtained.(1)From a static perspective,the traditional DEA model overestimates the economic efficiency and scale efficiency of cities in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and underestimates the efficiency of pure technology.Excluding the influence of external environment and random error,the pure technical efficiency level of cities in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is generally high,the scale efficiency level is low and the regional differences are obvious.Overall,the urban economic efficiency level and the scale efficiency level are highly consistent,and the effect of pure technical efficiency is not obvious,resulting in low urban economic efficiency and large differences between regions.(2)From a dynamic perspective,compared with the results measured by the traditional Malmquist index,the overall trend of adjusted total factor productivity is more stable and the regional differences are narrower.In terms of time-phase,the change in total factor productivity in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,which is derived from the influence of external environmental variables and random error terms,is the same as the change in technological progress rate.It shows that the total factor productivity of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is mainly affected by technological progress.In terms of cities,the pure technical efficiency of all cities is rising,the rate of technological progress is declining,and the total factor productivity of most cities is negative growth.It can be concluded that the change in total factor productivity in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is mainly constrained by technological progress.(3)According to the SFA regression results,the policy environment variables have a negative impact on the redundancy of the labor input and the capital input,and have a positive impact on the redundancy of the redundancy of the land input,it can be seen that there is still a need for improvement in the policy environment of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region;the city administrative level has a positive impact on the redundancy of labor input and capital input,and the regression coefficient of land input redundancy is negative,but it has not passed the significance level test,indicating that the city administrative level hinders the urban economic efficiency of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.From the results of Tobit regression,the city size and talent reserve have positive coefficients for urban economic efficiency in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,and have passed the 5% significance level test.The expansion of urban scale and the increase in the pool of talents have contributed to the improvement of urban economic efficiency;The coefficient of industrial structure is positive for urban economic efficiency,and the coefficient of financial development is negative,but these two have not passed the significance level test.It shows that the impact of industrial structure and financial development on the economic efficiency of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is not significant and should be adjusted.Based on the conclusions,suggestions for the improvement of urban economic efficiency in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region are proposed.