Analysis On The Spatial-temporal Evolution Of Income Gap Between Urban And Rural Residents In Xinjiang

The problem of income gap between urban and rural residents is a big problem that restricts China's further economic development and social stability.It is the key to solving the problem of “agriculture,rural areas and farmers”.Reducing the income gap between urban and rural areas is a major issue at the theoretical and practical levels of building a well-off society in an all-round way..Since the reform and opening up,with the economic development,the income level of urban and rural residents in Xinjiang has been continuously improved,but there is also a gap in income between urban and rural residents.The urban-rural income ratio fell from 3.60 in 1996 to 2.66 in 2014,but it has gradually increased since 2014,rising to 2.79 in 2017,and the urban-rural income ratio is still above the warning line of 2.0.From a regional perspective,the urban-rural income ratio of the 14 prefectures and cities is expanding as a whole,and the urban-rural income ratio in the southern Xinjiang region is significantly higher than that in the northern and eastern Xinjiang regions.The large income gap between urban and rural residents has a certain impact on the settlement of the "three rural issues" in Xinjiang,the implementation of rural revitalization strategy,industrialization,urbanization and the sustainable development of Xinjiang's economy.Therefore,studying the spatial and temporal evolution trend and influencing factors of the income gap between urban and rural residents in Xinjiang is of great practical significance for winning the battle against poverty,breaking the dual structure of urban and rural areas in Xinjiang,and realizing the common prosperity of urban and rural areas.Based on the urban-rural dual economy,Kuznets inverted U-shaped hypothesis,regional income inequality theory and Schultz's human capital theory,this paper analyzes the income gap between urban and rural residents in Xinjiang from the two dimensions of time and space.analysis.First of all,in the time dimension,the evolution analysis is made from three aspects:urban-rural income ratio,Gini coefficient and Engel coefficient.In 1996-2017,the income gap of Xinjiang residents experienced four stages of reduction-expansion-reduction-expansion,and there was a downward trend as a whole,but it was still within the risk range;from 1996 to 2010,the Gini coefficient of urban and rural residents in Xinjiang was 0.4-The fluctuations of 0.5 exceeded the internationally recognized warning line of 0.4.In 2011-2017,the Gini coefficient of urban and rural residents in China fluctuated between 0.3 and 0.4,and theoverall trend was downward;the Engel coefficient of rural households was still higher than the Engel coefficient of urban families.In the spatial dimension,the evolution of the inter-regional analysis is made from 14 geodesic cities,as well as the north and south Xinjiang and the eastern Xinjiang,and the reasons for the evolution are analyzed from three factors: economic,institutional and social.The income gap between urban and rural residents in various cities and towns shows a gradient from north to south.The income gap between urban and rural residents in the remote southern Xinjiang region is larger,and the Gini coefficient in southern Xinjiang is much higher than that in northern Xinjiang.There is spatial agglomeration among regions,and the southern Xinjiang region is a significant high-value area for urban and rural residents,and the northern Xinjiang region is a significant low-value region.Secondly,the five factors influencing the urbanization rate,the proportion of the tertiary industry,the growth rate of GDP per capita,the proportion of fiscal expenditure and the proportion of total agricultural output to GDP are used to demonstrate the spatial and temporal evolution of the income gap between urban and rural residents in Xinjiang using the spatial Dubin model.analysis.The results show that the urbanization rate,the proportion of the tertiary industry,the per capita GDP growth rate,and the proportion of fiscal expenditure have a negative impact on the urban-rural income gap,and the total agricultural output value has a positive impact on the proportion of GDP.On this basis,put forward corresponding policy recommendations: accelerate urbanization process,promote rural economic development;use resource advantages to optimize industrial structure;improve fiscal and taxation system,coordinate spatial geographical gap;strengthen agricultural science and technology investment,promote agricultural industrialization;broaden farmers Increase revenue channels;optimize public goods and services,and strengthen the construction of social security systems.